john watson argued that psychologists should

ATI RN

Exam 4 Psychology 101

1. John Watson argued that psychologists should?

A. Use the method of introspection to establish the structural aspects of consciousness.
B. Be concerned with the purposiveness (function) of behavior.
C. Confine their work to people who are diagnosed as mentally ill.
D. Abandon the study of consciousness.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: John Watson was a key figure in the development of behaviorism, which advocated for focusing on observable behavior rather than the study of consciousness. Choice D is the correct answer because Watson believed that psychology should abandon the study of consciousness. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because Watson's approach emphasized behavior and rejected the importance of consciousness, introspection, or confining psychology to only mentally ill individuals.

2. Colleen found herself attracted to her psychology instructor. She would frequently go by his office just to be near him. When he didn't respond to her advances, Colleen eventually told him that she had thoughts of killing herself so that he would spend time trying to counsel her. What personality disorder best describes Colleen's thinking and behavior?

A. Borderline personality disorder
B. Schizoid personality disorder
C. Schizotypal personality disorder
D. Antisocial personality disorder

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Colleen's behavior of seeking attention and manipulating others by threatening self-harm to elicit a response from her psychology instructor aligns with the characteristics of borderline personality disorder. This disorder is characterized by unstable relationships, impulsive actions, and efforts to avoid real or imagined abandonment. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not match Colleen's behavior as described in the scenario. Schizoid personality disorder is characterized by a lack of interest in social relationships, Schizotypal personality disorder involves social anxiety and odd behavior, and Antisocial personality disorder is characterized by a disregard for others' feelings and violating their rights.

3. a researcher found that there is a negative relationship between perceived parental perfectionism and life satisfaction. what does this mean?

A. Respondents who reported higher levels of perceived parental perfectionism are more likely to report higher levels of life satisfaction
B. Respondents who reported higher levels of perceived parental perfectionism are more likely to report lower levels of life satisfaction
C. Perceived parental perfectionism causes a decline in life satisfaction
D. Any of the above is correct

Correct answer: B

Rationale: A negative relationship means that as one variable increases, the other decreases, so higher perceived parental perfectionism is associated with lower life satisfaction.

4. Normal human cells have ________.

A. twenty-two chromosome pairs and one pair of sex chromosomes.
B. twenty-one trisomy chromosome pairs, one autosomal pair, and one pair of sex chromosomes.
C. twenty-one chromosome pairs and two trisomy chromosome pairs.
D. twenty-three chromosome pairs.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. Normal human cells have twenty-two chromosome pairs and one pair of sex chromosomes. This adds up to a total of 46 chromosomes. Choice B is incorrect as it mentions twenty-one trisomy chromosome pairs, which is not a characteristic of normal human cells. Choice C is also incorrect as it states twenty-one chromosome pairs and two trisomy chromosome pairs, which is not accurate for normal human cells. Choice D is incorrect as it mentions twenty-three chromosome pairs, which is not the correct number for normal human cells.

5. When Ryan was born, the hospital assessed his health with the Apgar scale, and the score was 5. What does this mean with respect to his breathing pattern?

A. He was not in danger
B. He needed help in establishing a breathing pattern
C. He was in excellent condition
D. He was in critical condition

Correct answer: B

Rationale: An Apgar score of 5 suggests that Ryan needed help establishing a regular breathing pattern after birth. Choice A is incorrect because a score of 5 indicates the need for assistance. Choice C is incorrect as an Apgar score of 5 does not reflect excellent condition. Choice D is incorrect as it signifies a critical condition, which is not the case with an Apgar score of 5.