ATI RN
ATI RN Comprehensive Exit Exam
1. How should a healthcare professional assess for infection in a patient post-surgery?
- A. Check the surgical site
- B. Check for fever
- C. Check for abnormal breath sounds
- D. Check the patient's skin color
Correct answer: A
Rationale: When assessing for infection in a patient post-surgery, checking the surgical site is crucial. Changes in the appearance of the surgical site, such as redness, swelling, warmth, or drainage, can indicate an infection. While checking for fever (Choice B) is also important as it can be a sign of infection, it is a more general symptom and may not always be present. Checking for abnormal breath sounds (Choice C) and skin color (Choice D) are not typically direct indicators of infection in a post-surgery patient.
2. A nurse is developing a care plan for a client who has paraplegia and has an area of nonblanchable erythema over the ischium. Which intervention should the nurse include?
- A. Place the client upright on a donut-shaped cushion.
- B. Teach the client to shift his weight every 15 minutes while sitting.
- C. Turn and reposition the client every 3 hours.
- D. Assess pressure points every 24 hours.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct intervention for a client with nonblanchable erythema over the ischium is to teach the client to shift his weight every 15 minutes while sitting. This action helps relieve pressure on the affected area and prevents further skin breakdown. Placing the client upright on a donut-shaped cushion (Choice A) may not address the need for frequent weight shifts. Turning and repositioning the client every 3 hours (Choice C) is important for overall skin health but may not provide adequate relief for the specific area of nonblanchable erythema. Assessing pressure points every 24 hours (Choice D) is not frequent enough to prevent worsening of the skin condition in this case.
3. A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving total parenteral nutrition. Which of the following laboratory findings should the nurse report to the provider?
- A. Prealbumin level of 20 mg/dL
- B. Serum albumin level of 3.5 g/dL
- C. Serum sodium level of 138 mEq/L
- D. Blood glucose level of 120 mg/dL
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because a blood glucose level of 120 mg/dL falls within the normal range. A low serum albumin level, as mentioned in choice B, should be reported as it may indicate malnutrition. Choices A and C are within normal ranges and would not typically require immediate reporting.
4. A client with osteoporosis should be encouraged to perform which of the following interventions as part of the plan of care?
- A. Encourage the client to increase calcium intake.
- B. Apply heat to the affected joints to reduce stiffness.
- C. Encourage weight-bearing exercises to prevent bone loss.
- D. Limit fluid intake to prevent swelling.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is to encourage weight-bearing exercises to prevent bone loss in clients with osteoporosis. Weight-bearing exercises help to strengthen bones and reduce the risk of fractures. Increasing calcium intake (Choice A) is important for bone health but is not the priority intervention for preventing bone loss in osteoporosis. Applying heat to affected joints (Choice B) may help with stiffness but does not address the underlying bone loss in osteoporosis. Limiting fluid intake (Choice D) is not relevant to managing osteoporosis and preventing bone loss.
5. A nurse is caring for a client who has a urinary tract infection (UTI) and is prescribed ciprofloxacin. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for and report which of the following adverse effects?
- A. Tinnitus.
- B. Photosensitivity.
- C. Urinary frequency.
- D. Insomnia.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Photosensitivity. Ciprofloxacin, an antibiotic commonly used to treat UTIs, can cause photosensitivity as an adverse effect. This reaction makes the skin more sensitive to sunlight, potentially leading to severe sunburns or skin damage. It is crucial for the client to be aware of this adverse effect to take precautions and report any signs of photosensitivity promptly. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because tinnitus, urinary frequency, and insomnia are not typically associated with ciprofloxacin use. While urinary frequency might be a symptom of UTI, it is not an adverse effect of the medication itself.
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