ATI RN
ATI Nutrition Practice A
1. Each statement is true regarding oral exposure to fermentable carbohydrates, except one. Which is the exception?
- A. Longer exposure leads to an increased risk of demineralization
- B. Longer exposure increases the opportunity for remineralization
- C. The Stephan curve illustrates pH changes within plaque after rinsing with a sugar solution
- D. The critical pH at which enamel decalcification occurs is 5.5 or less
Correct answer: B
Rationale: All the statements above are accurate about oral exposure to fermentable carbohydrates, except for option B. In fact, longer exposure to these carbohydrates decreases the opportunity for remineralization. This is because the process of demineralization, in which minerals are lost from the tooth enamel, is sped up by the presence of fermentable carbohydrates. The Stephan curve (option C) is a graph that demonstrates how the pH of dental plaque changes after a sugar rinse, usually dropping (becoming more acidic), which can lead to enamel decalcification. Option D is also accurate, as a pH of 5.5 or lower is the critical point at which enamel starts to decalcify.
2. The nurse on the medical/surgical unit cares for a client with a diagnosis of cerebrovascular accident (CVA). The nursing assessment of the client’s neurological status should include which of the following? (Select all that apply)
- A. Obtain the pulses in all four extremities
- B. Ask the client to grasp and squeeze two fingers on each of the nurse’s hands
- C. Determine the client’s orientation to person, place, and time
- D. B, C
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is 'D' because assessing grasp strength (choice B) and orientation to person, place, and time (choice C) are crucial components of a neurological assessment following a cerebrovascular accident (CVA). Pulse assessment in all four extremities (choice A) is not directly related to a neurological assessment and is more pertinent to vascular status. Therefore, choices A and D are incorrect in this context.
3. A client with emphysema is being assessed by a nurse. Which clinical manifestation should the nurse expect?
- A. Decreased chest expansion
- B. Cyanosis
- C. Pursed-lip breathing
- D. Bradypnea
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Pursed-lip breathing is a common manifestation in clients with emphysema. It helps to increase the duration of exhalation and reduce air trapping, aiding in the management of the condition. Decreased chest expansion and bradypnea are not typically associated with emphysema. While cyanosis can occur in severe cases, pursed-lip breathing is a more specific and commonly observed sign of emphysema.
4. During the assessment of an adolescent who collapsed during Olympic figure skating training and was diagnosed with severe malnutrition due to anorexia nervosa, which client statement supports the use of a family-based approach?
- A. I eat just as much as everyone else on the team
- B. I’m tired of fighting with my parents about eating
- C. I just didn’t drink enough water during practice
- D. I have to practice until my skating routine is perfect
Correct answer: I’m tired of fighting with my parents about eating
Rationale: The statement 'I’m tired of fighting with my parents about eating' indicates a struggle related to food and parental conflicts, suggesting family dynamics play a role in the client's eating disorder. In cases of anorexia nervosa in adolescents, involving the family in the treatment process through a family-based approach has shown to be effective. This approach recognizes the influence of family interactions on the development and maintenance of eating disorders, aiming to improve communication, support, and understanding within the family unit to facilitate recovery.
5. A registered nurse (RN) who usually uses public transportation has not renewed her driver�s license. During a recent car trip with a friend, she took over driving when her friend became tired. Which of the following is true?
- A. She has acted in a professional manner.
- B. She may lose her RN license for driving without a license.
- C. She should renew her driver�s license as soon as possible.
- D. Under the circumstances, she will not be faulted for driving without a license.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Driving without a license is deemed an unprofessional and illegal behavior for which a nurse may lose his or her license.