Nursing Elites

1. What is the term for intestinal wounds associated with Crohn's disease that develop in different areas in the intestine, with normal tissue separating affected regions?

• A. Skip lesions
• B. Fistulas
• C. Fissures
• D. Loop ulcerations

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Skip lesions are typical characteristics of Crohn's disease, where patches of diseased intestine are interspersed with areas of healthy tissue. This is why option A is the correct answer. Option B, fistulas, are abnormal connections between two body parts, which is not what the question is describing. Option C, fissures, are small tears in the lining of the anus, which also do not fit the description in the question. Option D, loop ulcerations, is not a recognized medical term, making it an incorrect choice.

2. Which type of assessment evaluates a person's risk of malnutrition by ranking key variables from the medical history and physical examination?

• A. Katz index
• B. integrated assessment
• C. subjective global assessment
• D. nutrition care plan

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) is the correct choice. SGA is a comprehensive tool used to assess an individual's risk of malnutrition by integrating key variables from the medical history, physical examination, and other relevant factors. The Katz index is used to assess activities of daily living, not malnutrition risk. An integrated assessment refers to the overall evaluation process involving multiple assessments. A nutrition care plan is a personalized plan developed based on assessment findings, not the assessment itself.

3. It is not a legally binding document but nevertheless, Very important in caring for the patients.

• A. BON Resolution No. 220 Series of 2002
• B. Patient’s Bill of Rights
• C. Nurse’s Code of Ethics
• D. Philippine Nursing Act of 2002

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Nursing interventions should be grounded in a deep understanding of the physiological processes involved, ensuring that care provided is both effective and efficient.

4. Monosaccharides are converted into glucose in the liver to provide an energy supply to the cells.

• A. Both statements are true
• B. Both statements are false
• C. The first statement is true; the second is false
• D. The first statement is false; the second is true

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Both statements are true. Monosaccharides are indeed converted into glucose in the liver. Glucose, in turn, serves as a primary energy source for cells in the body, providing the necessary fuel for various cellular functions. The liver plays a crucial role in regulating blood glucose levels by converting monosaccharides into glucose and releasing it into the bloodstream when needed. Therefore, option A is the correct choice. Options B, C, and D are incorrect because both statements are accurate in this context.

5. What is a major feature of the therapeutic lifestyle changes (TLC) recommended for the treatment of high blood cholesterol?

• A. Avoiding all foods that contain cholesterol
• B. Reducing sodium intake to less than 2 g/day
• C. Limiting total fat intake to less than 30% of energy intake
• D. Limiting saturated fat intake to less than 7% of energy intake

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, 'Limiting saturated fat intake to less than 7% of energy intake.' This is a central feature of the therapeutic lifestyle changes (TLC) recommended for treating high blood cholesterol. Saturated fats can increase low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, a significant risk factor for heart disease. Choice A is incorrect because while it is recommended to limit cholesterol intake, it's not suggested to avoid all foods containing cholesterol entirely in the TLC. Choice B is also incorrect as although reducing sodium intake is beneficial for controlling blood pressure, it's not specifically targeted in the TLC for managing high cholesterol. Lastly, while limiting total fat intake is a healthy guideline, it's not as specific or effective as limiting saturated fat intake, making choice C also incorrect.

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