Nursing Elites

1. A nurse is providing anticipatory guidance to a client who has Phenylketonuria (PKU) and is planning a pregnancy. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the discussion?

• A. Diet sodas should not be consumed more than two or three times per week.
• B. Serum bilirubin should be monitored one or two times per month during pregnancy
• C. Breastfeeding will prevent your baby from developing PKU.
• D. A low-protein diet should be followed for three months prior to conception.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: A low-protein diet helps manage PKU by reducing phenylalanine levels, which is crucial for maternal and fetal health.

2. A client is prescribed a 1500 calorie diet. Thirty percent of the calories are to be derived from fat. How many grams of fat should the nurse tell the client to consume per day? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)

• A. 21
• B. 49
• C. 60
• D. 50

Correct answer: D

Rationale: To calculate the grams of fat: 1500 calories x 30% = 450 calories from fat. Since 1 gram of fat = 9 calories, 450 / 9 = 50 grams of fat.

3. A nurse is caring for a 30-month-old toddler and is preparing a nutritional snack. Which of the following foods is appropriate for the nurse to offer the toddler?

• A. Plain popcorn
• B. Grapes
• C. Raw carrots
• D. Cheese

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Cheese is a safe and nutritious option for toddlers, providing calcium and protein without choking hazards.

4. A nurse is teaching a client who has chronic kidney disease about dietary needs. Which of the following foods should the nurse identify as being the lowest in phosphorus?

• A. Medium apple
• B. Bran cereal
• C. Scrambled eggs
• D. Ground turkey

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Apples are low in phosphorus, making them a suitable option for clients with chronic kidney disease.

5. A nurse is teaching a client ways to manage anorexia while receiving radiation therapy. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

• A. Limit high kilo-calorie supplements to between meals
• B. Avoid overeating during your “good” days
• C. Eat hot foods rather than cold foods
• D. Consume nutrient-dense foods first

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Consuming nutrient-dense foods first ensures that clients with anorexia during radiation therapy receive the necessary calories and nutrients.

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