Nursing Elites

1. A nurse is caring for a client who has cancer and is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Which of the following lab values indicates the treatment is effective?

• A. Hct 43%
• B. WBC 8,000/uL
• C. Albumin 4.2 g/dL
• D. Calcium 9.4 mg/dL

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is Albumin 4.2 g/dL. Albumin is a protein produced by the liver and is a key indicator of nutritional status. In a client receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN), an increase in albumin level indicates that the treatment is effective in providing adequate nutrition support. Hct (hematocrit), WBC (white blood cell count), and calcium levels are not direct indicators of the effectiveness of TPN in this context.

2. Following bariatric surgery, a patient would initially be given what type of diet?

• A. regular diet
• B. pureed diet
• C. clear liquid diet
• D. soft diet

Correct answer: C

Rationale: A clear liquid diet is typically the first step after bariatric surgery to allow the stomach to heal and prevent complications.

3. During the Emergent phase of a burn, the most fatal electrolyte imbalance in a burned client is:

• A. Hypokalemia
• B. Hyperkalemia
• C. Hypernatremia
• D. Hyponatremia

Correct answer: A

Rationale: During the Emergent phase of burns, the most fatal electrolyte imbalance is Hypokalemia. This is due to the shift of potassium from the intracellular space to the extracellular space, leading to low potassium levels in the blood. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because Hyperkalemia, Hypernatremia, and Hyponatremia are not typically associated with the Emergent phase of burns and do not pose the same level of risk as Hypokalemia in this context.

4. What are the contraindications for using MI Paste?

• A. Children under six
• B. Individuals with a milk casein allergy
• C. Pregnant women
• D. Both A and B

Correct answer: D

Rationale: MI Paste is contraindicated in children under six and in individuals with a milk casein allergy. The reason is that MI Paste contains casein phosphopeptide, which is derived from milk. Therefore, it may cause allergic reactions in those who are sensitive to milk proteins. Pregnant women (Choice C) are not contraindicated for using MI Paste unless they have a known allergy to milk casein. Hence, the correct answer is 'D: Both A and B'.

5. Which of the following groups of vitamins are fat-soluble?

• A. vitamins B and C
• B. vitamins A and C
• C. vitamins B, E, K, D
• D. vitamins A, E, K, D

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: vitamins A, E, K, and D. Fat-soluble vitamins are absorbed along with fats in the diet and can be stored in the body's fatty tissue. Vitamins B and C are water-soluble vitamins and are not stored in the body; any excess amounts are usually excreted in the urine. Therefore, choices A, B, and C are incorrect.

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