ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Proctored Exam
1. A client who is withdrawing from alcohol has been prescribed Propranolol. Which information should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. Increases the risk for seizure activity.
- B. Provides a form of aversion therapy.
- C. Decreases cravings.
- D. Results in mild hypertension.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct information the nurse should include in the teaching is that Propranolol decreases cravings for alcohol. Propranolol is used as an adjunct medication during alcohol withdrawal to help reduce the desire for alcohol. Choice A is incorrect as Propranolol does not increase the risk for seizure activity; it can actually be used to prevent alcohol withdrawal seizures. Choice B is also incorrect as Propranolol does not provide aversion therapy. Choice D is incorrect as Propranolol is not known to result in mild hypertension.
2. A nurse is caring for a client who is 32 weeks pregnant and has cardiac disease. Which of the following positions should the nurse place the client in to promote optimal cardiac output?
- A. Semi-Fowler's
- B. Supine with head elevated
- C. Left lateral
- D. Right lateral
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Left lateral. Placing the client in the left lateral position helps promote optimal cardiac output during pregnancy by avoiding pressure on the vena cava. This position improves venous return to the heart and subsequently cardiac output. Option A, Semi-Fowler's position, may not be the best choice for a client with cardiac disease as it does not alleviate pressure on the vena cava. Option B, supine with head elevated, can also compress the vena cava, reducing cardiac output. Option D, right lateral position, does not provide the same benefits as the left lateral position for cardiac output during pregnancy.
3. A nurse manager assigns a nursing assistant a task outside of their role. What should the nursing assistant do?
- A. Follow the manager's directive
- B. Report the task to the charge nurse
- C. Refuse to perform the task
- D. Perform the task and document later
Correct answer: B
Rationale: If a nurse manager assigns a nursing assistant a task that is outside of their role, the nursing assistant should report the task to the charge nurse. This is important because the charge nurse can provide guidance on whether the task is appropriate for the nursing assistant to perform. Choice A is incorrect because blindly following a directive that is outside of the nursing assistant's scope could lead to negative consequences. Choice C might not be the best course of action initially, as it's important to seek clarification first. Choice D is also not the best option because performing a task outside of one's role without proper authorization can pose risks to both the patient and the nursing assistant.
4. A client who is receiving combination chemotherapy is exhibiting a temperature of 38.1°C (100.6°F). Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication of an oncologic emergency?
- A. Dry oral mucous membranes
- B. Nausea and vomiting
- C. Temperature of 38.1°C (100.6°F)
- D. Anorexia
Correct answer: C
Rationale: A temperature of 38.1°C (100.6°F) can indicate an infection, which is considered an oncologic emergency in clients undergoing chemotherapy due to the heightened risk of sepsis in immunocompromised individuals. Immediate assessment and intervention are crucial to prevent severe complications. Dry oral mucous membranes, nausea and vomiting, and anorexia are common side effects of chemotherapy but are not specific indicators of an oncologic emergency like a fever in this setting.
5. A healthcare professional in a clinic sees a client who has an acute asthma exacerbation. Which of the following medications should reduce the symptoms?
- A. Cromolyn via metered dose inhaler
- B. Budesonide via dry powder inhaler
- C. Montelukast orally
- D. Albuterol via jet nebulizer
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Albuterol via jet nebulizer is the correct choice in this scenario as it is a short-acting bronchodilator that quickly relieves bronchospasm during an asthma exacerbation. Cromolyn (Choice A) is a mast cell stabilizer used for prevention, not quick relief. Budesonide (Choice B) is an inhaled corticosteroid used for long-term control, not for acute symptom relief. Montelukast (Choice C) is a leukotriene receptor antagonist used for maintenance therapy, not for immediate symptom relief during an exacerbation.
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