ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Proctored Exam 2019
1. A client is to receive Tetracaine before a Bronchoscopy. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
- A. Keep the client NPO until the pharyngeal response returns.
- B. Monitor the insertion site for a hematoma.
- C. Palpate the bladder to detect urinary retention.
- D. Maintain the client on bed rest for 12 hours following the procedure.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct action for the nurse to include in the plan of care is to keep the client NPO until the pharyngeal response returns. Tetracaine can affect the gag reflex, so it is important to prevent aspiration by maintaining the client NPO until the pharyngeal response is normal, which typically takes about 1 hour. Monitoring for the return of the gag reflex is crucial to prevent complications from aspiration during the first oral intake after the procedure. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they are not directly related to the effects of Tetracaine or the bronchoscopy procedure.
2. A patient is prescribed a diuretic for hypertension. What is the most important assessment the nurse should perform?
- A. Monitor the patient's respiratory rate.
- B. Check the patient's blood pressure regularly.
- C. Monitor the patient's potassium levels.
- D. Monitor the patient's sodium levels.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Corrected Rationale: When a patient is prescribed a diuretic for hypertension, monitoring the patient's sodium levels is crucial. Diuretics can lead to alterations in sodium levels, potentially causing complications like hyponatremia. While monitoring other parameters like respiratory rate, blood pressure, and potassium levels may also be important, the primary concern with diuretic therapy is the risk of sodium imbalance, making the monitoring of sodium levels the most critical assessment.
3. The anatomy of a body part is closely related to its physiology.
- A. True
- B. False
- C. Not Sure
- D. None of the above
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The statement is true. Anatomy and physiology are interconnected fields. Anatomy focuses on the structure of body parts, while physiology deals with the functions of those parts. Understanding the structure (anatomy) of a body part is crucial in comprehending how it functions (physiology). This interrelation is essential for healthcare professionals to diagnose and treat medical conditions effectively. Choice B is incorrect because anatomy and physiology are indeed closely related. Choice C is incorrect as well because the relationship between anatomy and physiology is a fundamental concept in the study of the human body. Choice D is incorrect as the statement is true.
4. When caring for an older adult client with a pulmonary infection, what action should the nurse take first?
- A. Encourage the client to increase fluid intake.
- B. Assess the client's level of consciousness.
- C. Raise the head of the bed to at least 45 degrees.
- D. Provide the client with humidified oxygen.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Assessing the client's level of consciousness is the priority because it provides crucial information on the client's neurological status and response to the infection. Changes in consciousness can indicate deterioration or improvement in the client's condition, guiding further interventions and treatment.
5. A male patient with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is being treated with tamsulosin (Flomax). What should the nurse include in the teaching plan for this patient?
- A. Avoid lying down after taking the medication.
- B. Take the medication with meals.
- C. Report any side effects such as dizziness or fainting.
- D. Take the medication at bedtime.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'Report any side effects such as dizziness or fainting.' Patients taking tamsulosin should be advised to report any side effects, such as dizziness or fainting, which can occur due to orthostatic hypotension. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because avoiding lying down after taking the medication, taking it with meals, or at bedtime are not specific teaching points related to the potential side effects of tamsulosin.
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