ATI RN
ATI Nutrition Practice Test B 2019
1. You are to apply a transdermal patch of nitoglycerin to your client. The following are important guidelines to observe EXCEPT:
- A. Apply to hairless clean area of the skin not subject to much wrinkling
- B. Patches may be applied to distal part of the extremities like forearm
- C. Change application and site regularly to prevent irritation of the skin
- D. Wear gloves to avoid any medication on your hand
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Understanding the underlying pathology and therapeutic techniques ensures that nursing care is not only reactive but also preventative, reducing the risk of complications.
2. Which of the following describes the four-step method of assessment, planning, implementation, and evaluation?
- A. It is a problem-focused process of continued nursing care
- B. It is an open-ended process of continued nursing care
- C. It is a circular process of continued nursing care
- D. It is a trial-and-error process of continued nursing care
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'It is a circular process of continued nursing care.' The four-step method of assessment, planning, implementation, and evaluation in nursing is a continuous and cyclical process. Choice A is incorrect because the method is not solely problem-focused; it involves a comprehensive approach. Choice B is incorrect as it does not capture the cyclical nature of the process. Choice D is incorrect as the method is systematic and not based on trial-and-error but rather evidence-based practice.
3. When should a critical pathway be revised?
- A. When variances show a new trend.
- B. When the variances show a new trend.
- C. When a member of the team retires.
- D. When the client leaves the hospital.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: A critical pathway should be revised when variances in the patient's progress indicate a new trend or deviation from the expected course of treatment. This allows healthcare providers to adjust the pathway to ensure optimal patient care and outcomes. Changes in the critical pathway are not typically driven by its length or external factors like team member retirements or client discharges. Therefore, the correct answer is B. Choice A is a better phrasing of the correct answer, emphasizing the importance of variances showing a new trend. Choices C and D are irrelevant to the patient's progress and treatment plan, making them incorrect.
4. How does an occupational therapist use clinical guidelines to inform practice with children and youth?
- A. Modify guidelines to fit the specific environment
- B. Establish systems to monitor outcomes
- C. Select the most recent guidelines without considering the client
- D. Consider guidelines that fit one's clientele and environment
Correct answer: C
Rationale: When using clinical guidelines to inform practice with children and youth, it is crucial for occupational therapists to not solely rely on the most recent guidelines but to consider the individual needs and contexts of each client. Selecting guidelines based solely on recency without considering the specific client can lead to ineffective or inappropriate interventions.
5. A nurse admitting a patient with a history of emphysema reviews her past lab reports and notes that the patient's PaCO2 has been 56 to 64 mmHg. The nurse will be cautious administering oxygen because:
- A. The patient's calcium will rise dramatically due to pituitary stimulation.
- B. The oxygen will increase the patient's intracranial pressure and create confusion.
- C. The oxygen may cause the patient to hyperventilate and become acidotic.
- D. Using oxygen may result in the patient developing carbon dioxide narcosis and hypoxemia.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: When PaCO2 chronically exceeds 50 mm Hg, it creates insensitivity to CO2 in the respiratory medulla, and the use of oxygen may result in the patient developing carbon dioxide narcosis and hypoxemia. Choice A is incorrect because administering oxygen does not lead to a dramatic rise in calcium due to pituitary stimulation. Choice B is incorrect because administering oxygen does not directly increase intracranial pressure or create confusion. Choice C is incorrect because administering oxygen to a patient with emphysema and high PaCO2 levels is more likely to cause respiratory depression than hyperventilation and acidosis.