ATI RN
ATI Nutrition Proctored Exam
1. Each statement is true of rickets, except one. Which is the exception?
- A. Rickets is being diagnosed more frequently in the United States.
- B. Rickets is caused by vitamin C deficiency.
- C. Tachetic deformities such as bow legs or knock-knees develop.
- D. A narrow and distorted chest occurs.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Rickets is caused by vitamin D deficiency, not vitamin C deficiency. It usually occurs in children who are 1 to 3 years old. The name rickets came from the word 'wrikken,' meaning 'to bend or twist.' Common manifestations of rickets include tachetic deformities like bow legs or knock-knees, a narrow and distorted chest, and failure of the epiphyses of bones to develop normally, resulting in twisted and warped bones. While the diagnosis of rickets may be increasing in the United States, it is not caused by a lack of vitamin C.
2. What is the best dietary recommendation for a patient with chronic liver disease?
- A. Low protein diet
- B. High protein diet
- C. Low sodium diet
- D. High sodium diet
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The best dietary recommendation for a patient with chronic liver disease is a low protein diet. In liver disease, the liver may have difficulty processing protein, leading to the accumulation of toxins like ammonia in the body. A low protein diet helps reduce the burden on the liver and minimizes the production of these harmful substances. High protein diets can exacerbate the condition by increasing the workload on the liver. A low sodium diet (Choice C) is also important for liver disease patients as excess sodium can contribute to fluid retention and swelling, but reducing protein intake is the primary focus in these cases.
3. For a 6-year-old child with hypokalemia, which menu choice should the nurse encourage?
- A. Pizza with a fruit plate
- B. Chicken strips with chips
- C. Fajita with rice
- D. Hamburger with French fries
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Pizza with a fruit plate is the most suitable choice for a 6-year-old child with hypokalemia due to its potassium content. Potassium-rich foods like fruits can help replenish potassium levels in the body, aiding in the treatment of hypokalemia.
4. A nurse educator is reviewing peripheral IV insertion with a group of novice nurses. How should these nurses be encouraged to deal with excess hair at the intended site?
- A. Leave the hair intact
- B. Shave the area.
- C. Clip the hair in the area.
- D. Remove the hair with a depilatory.
Correct answer: Clip the hair in the area.
Rationale:
5. A patient is being discharged with a new prescription for Hydrochlorothiazide. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Take the medication before bedtime.
- B. Monitor for increased blood pressure.
- C. Take the medication with food.
- D. Monitor for leg cramps.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct instruction the nurse should include is to monitor for leg cramps. Leg cramps can be a sign of hypokalemia, which is a potential adverse effect of Hydrochlorothiazide. By monitoring for leg cramps, the patient can detect signs of low potassium levels and report them to the healthcare provider promptly. This proactive approach helps prevent complications associated with hypokalemia. The other options are incorrect because taking Hydrochlorothiazide before bedtime or with food is not specific to the medication's adverse effects. Monitoring for increased blood pressure is not typically a common adverse effect of this medication.
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