ATI RN
ATI Nutrition Proctored Exam 2023
1. Which type of assessment evaluates a person's risk of malnutrition by ranking key variables from the medical history and physical examination?
- A. Katz index
- B. integrated assessment
- C. subjective global assessment
- D. nutrition care plan
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) is the correct choice. SGA is a comprehensive tool used to assess an individual's risk of malnutrition by integrating key variables from the medical history, physical examination, and other relevant factors. The Katz index is used to assess activities of daily living, not malnutrition risk. An integrated assessment refers to the overall evaluation process involving multiple assessments. A nutrition care plan is a personalized plan developed based on assessment findings, not the assessment itself.
2. A client who is at 12 weeks of gestation and has hyperemesis gravidarum is being cared for by a nurse. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse report to the provider?
- A. Sodium 140 mEq/L
- B. Potassium 3.8 mEq/L
- C. Blood glucose 90 mg/dL
- D. Urine ketones present
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Urine ketones present. The presence of urine ketones indicates dehydration and inadequate glucose control in clients with hyperemesis gravidarum. Reporting this finding to the provider is crucial for prompt intervention to prevent further complications. Choices A, B, and C are within normal ranges and do not directly correlate with the condition of hyperemesis gravidarum. Therefore, they are not the priority values to report in this scenario.
3. A healthcare provider is assessing a client who has been using beclomethasone for 2 weeks to manage her asthma. What is the priority to report to the provider?
- A. Sore throat
- B. Cough
- C. Chest tightness
- D. Bronchospasms
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Bronchospasms. Bronchospasms can indicate worsening asthma and are considered a severe side effect that requires immediate attention. While sore throat, cough, and chest tightness are also possible side effects of beclomethasone, bronchospasms are of higher concern due to their association with significant respiratory distress and potential exacerbation of asthma symptoms.
4. A nurse is planning to administer several medications to a client through a nasogastric (NG) tube. What action should the nurse take?
- A. Dissolve crushed tablet medications in tap water
- B. Administer all medications together
- C. Flush the NG tube with 60 mL of water before each medication
- D. Dissolve medications separately and flush with sterile water
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct action for the nurse to take when administering medications through a nasogastric (NG) tube is to dissolve medications separately and flush the tube with sterile water. This is important to prevent interactions between medications and ensure accurate administration. Option A is incorrect because tap water may not be sterile and could lead to contamination. Option B is incorrect as it increases the risk of drug interactions and may affect the effectiveness of each medication. Option C is incorrect as 60 mL of water before each medication may not be enough to ensure proper medication delivery and prevent interactions.
5. When teaching a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) about nutrition, what information should be included? (Select all that apply)
- A. Avoid drinking fluids just before and during meals.
- B. Rest before meals if experiencing dyspnea.
- C. Have about six small meals a day.
- D. Eat high-fiber foods to promote gastric emptying.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: When educating a client with COPD about nutrition, it is important to consider factors that can impact breathing and digestion. Avoiding drinking fluids just before and during meals can help prevent bloating, which may impede breathing. Resting before meals if experiencing dyspnea can aid in reducing respiratory effort during eating. Having about six small meals a day can help prevent overeating and decrease the feeling of fullness, promoting easier breathing. However, it is crucial to be cautious with high-fiber foods as they can produce gas, leading to abdominal bloating and increased shortness of breath. Clients with COPD should focus on increasing calorie and protein intake to prevent malnourishment. It is advisable not to increase carbohydrate intake as this can elevate carbon dioxide production and exacerbate breathing difficulties.