ATI RN
ATI RN Nutrition Online Practice 2019
1. Which is most likely to initiate periodontal disease?
- A. Nutrient deficiencies
- B. Nutrient excesses
- C. Nutrient imbalances
- D. Plaque biofilm
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Plaque biofilm is the primary initiator of periodontal disease, as it harbors bacteria that can lead to inflammation and destruction of the periodontal tissues.
2. A 52-year-old male patient recently required surgery for the removal of a large calcium oxalate stone. To prevent further stone formation, the nurse advises against drinking?
- A. apple juice
- B. tea
- C. orange juice
- D. coffee
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Tea contains oxalates, which can contribute to the formation of calcium oxalate stones; therefore, patients prone to kidney stones should avoid excessive tea consumption.
3. Which suggestion is most appropriate to increase calorie intake for a patient with stomach cancer, aiming to prevent weight loss and wasting?
- A. Replace whole fat milk with skim milk or water
- B. Avoid peanut butter and other nuts
- C. Choose high-fat meat instead of lean meat
- D. Limit alcohol intake to two drinks per day
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Choose high-fat meat instead of lean meat. High-fat meats are more calorie-dense than lean meats, which makes them a good choice for increasing calorie intake. This is crucial for patients with stomach cancer who want to avoid weight loss and wasting. Choice A is incorrect because skim milk or water contains fewer calories than whole fat milk. Choice B is also incorrect because peanut butter and nuts are high in calories and therefore should not be avoided when trying to increase calorie intake. Finally, choice D is not a good suggestion to increase calorie intake as alcohol does not provide the necessary nutrients needed for a balanced diet. In fact, excessive alcohol can harm the liver and other organs, and it's not a reliable source of calories.
4. A nurse is providing nutritional information to a client with osteoporosis. Which food should the nurse recommend as being the highest in calcium?
- A. 1 cup carrot strips
- B. 3 oz canned salmon
- C. 1 plain baked potato
- D. 1 cup chopped chicken breast
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Canned salmon with bones is high in calcium.
5. Before and after the operation, the operating suite is managed by the:
- A. Surgeon C. Nurse Manager
- B. Nurse Supervisor D. Chief Nurse
- C.
- D.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Understanding the underlying pathology and therapeutic techniques ensures that nursing care is not only reactive but also preventative, reducing the risk of complications.
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