which of the following statements should a nurse recognize as true about defense mechanisms select all that apply

ATI RN

ATI Mental Health

1. Which of the following statements should a healthcare provider recognize as true about defense mechanisms? Select all that apply.

A. They are employed when there is a threat to biological or psychological integrity.
B. They are controlled by the id and deal with primal urges.
C. They are used in an effort to increase anxiety.
D. They are protective devices for the superego.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Defense mechanisms are employed by the ego, not the id or superego, in response to threats to biological or psychological integrity. They aim to relieve anxiety, not increase it. By redirecting focus, they help manage mild to moderate anxiety and are often self-deceptive in nature.

2. Which statement about the concept of psychoses is most accurate?

A. Individuals experiencing psychoses are aware that their behaviors are maladaptive.
B. Individuals experiencing psychoses experience little distress.
C. Individuals experiencing psychoses are aware of experiencing psychological problems.
D. Individuals experiencing psychoses are based in reality.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The most accurate statement about psychoses is that individuals experiencing it often exhibit limited distress because they are not fully aware of their altered perception of reality. They may not recognize that their behaviors are maladaptive or acknowledge the presence of psychological issues. Choice A is incorrect because individuals with psychoses may not be aware that their behaviors are maladaptive. Choice C is incorrect because individuals with psychoses may not have insight into their psychological problems. Choice D is incorrect because individuals with psychoses often struggle to differentiate between reality and their altered perceptions.

3. A client has been prescribed fluoxetine (Prozac) for the treatment of depression. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the discharge instructions?

A. Take the medication at bedtime to avoid daytime drowsiness.
B. Avoid drinking alcohol while taking this medication.
C. Take the medication with a full glass of water.
D. Stop taking the medication if you feel better.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid drinking alcohol while taking fluoxetine (Prozac) because alcohol can increase the risk of side effects such as drowsiness and dizziness. It is important to follow this instruction to ensure the safe and effective use of the medication in the treatment of depression. Choice A is incorrect because fluoxetine (Prozac) is usually taken in the morning to prevent insomnia. Choice C is not a crucial instruction for this medication. Choice D is incorrect as abruptly stopping fluoxetine can lead to withdrawal symptoms and should only be done under medical supervision.

4. An individual who has survived incest and is receiving treatment at the mental health clinic feels relief upon understanding that her anxiety and depression are:

A. Going to be eradicated with treatment
B. Normal and will soon pass
C. Abnormal but will pass
D. A normal reaction to posttraumatic events

Correct answer: D

Rationale: It is important to recognize that anxiety and depression are common responses to traumatic events like incest. Understanding that these feelings are normal reactions can help validate the individual's experiences and reduce stigma. By acknowledging that anxiety and depression are expected outcomes of posttraumatic events, the mental health clinic can provide appropriate support and treatment to help the survivor cope and heal. Therefore, option D is the correct choice as it reflects a compassionate and informed approach to addressing the survivor's emotional struggles.

5. Which medication is commonly prescribed for the treatment of panic disorder?

A. Haloperidol
B. Clonazepam
C. Lithium
D. Fluoxetine

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Clonazepam, a benzodiazepine, is commonly prescribed for the treatment of panic disorder due to its anxiolytic properties. It helps reduce the frequency and intensity of panic attacks by acting on the central nervous system to produce a calming effect. Haloperidol is an antipsychotic medication, lithium is primarily used for bipolar disorder, and fluoxetine is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) commonly used for depression and some anxiety disorders, but not as a first-line treatment for panic disorder.