Nursing Elites

1. A client with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is being cared for by a nurse. Which intervention should the nurse include in the plan of care?

• A. Encourage the client to suppress compulsive behaviors.
• B. Set strict limits on the amount of time the client can engage in compulsive behaviors.
• C. Allow the client to perform compulsive behaviors as needed.
• D. Gradually limit the amount of time allotted for compulsive behaviors.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: In caring for a client with OCD, it is essential to gradually limit the time allotted for compulsive behaviors. This intervention helps the client develop alternative coping mechanisms. Encouraging suppression or setting strict limits on compulsive behaviors can exacerbate the client's anxiety, making it crucial to approach the care plan with a gradual reduction strategy. Allowing the client to perform compulsive behaviors as needed does not promote progress towards managing OCD symptoms and may reinforce maladaptive patterns of behavior.

2. Which of the following interventions is most appropriate for a client experiencing severe anxiety?

• A. Encourage the client to talk about their feelings.
• B. Provide a quiet and calm environment.
• C. Encourage the client to exercise vigorously.
• D. Encourage the client to participate in group activities.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: In cases of severe anxiety, creating a quiet and calm environment is crucial as it can help reduce stimulation and promote relaxation. This environment can provide a sense of safety and security, which are essential for individuals experiencing heightened anxiety levels. Encouraging the client to talk about their feelings may not be suitable during severe anxiety as it can further escalate distress by focusing on the source of anxiety. Vigorous exercise and group activities may not be appropriate initially, as they can increase arousal levels rather than promoting a sense of calm needed to manage severe anxiety.

3. A nurse is providing education to a client who has been prescribed lithium for bipolar disorder. Which statement by the client indicates an accurate understanding of the medication?

• A. I should avoid eating aged cheeses and processed meats.
• B. I need to maintain a consistent sodium intake.
• C. I should drink plenty of fluids to stay hydrated.
• D. I can take over-the-counter medications without consulting my doctor.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Clients taking lithium should maintain a consistent sodium intake to avoid fluctuations in lithium levels.

4. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is often used to treat which of the following conditions?

• A. Schizophrenia
• B. Bipolar disorder
• C. Posttraumatic stress disorder
• D. Generalized anxiety disorder

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is a widely used therapeutic approach effective in treating various mental health conditions. While CBT can be beneficial for different disorders, it is particularly well-suited for anxiety-related conditions like generalized anxiety disorder. CBT focuses on identifying and modifying negative thought patterns and behaviors contributing to anxiety, making it a suitable choice for treating generalized anxiety disorder. Therefore, the correct answer is D. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because CBT is not typically the first-line treatment for schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, or posttraumatic stress disorder, although it may be used as a part of a comprehensive treatment plan.

5. A client has been diagnosed with borderline personality disorder. Which behavior is characteristic of this disorder?

• A. Excessive need for attention
• B. Instability in relationships
• C. Fear of abandonment
• D. Lack of interest in activities

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Instability in relationships. Individuals with borderline personality disorder often exhibit instability in their relationships, characterized by intense and unstable interpersonal connections, oscillating between idealization and devaluation. This pattern can lead to frequent conflicts, dramatic emotional shifts, and difficulties maintaining stable relationships. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. While individuals with borderline personality disorder may also have an excessive need for attention, fear of abandonment, or lack of interest in activities, the hallmark feature defining this disorder is the instability in relationships.

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