ATI RN
ATI Anatomy and Physiology
1. Which of the following describes the event of ovulation?
- A. The fallopian tube moves the ovum to the uterus.
- B. The oocyte undergoes its first meiotic division.
- C. The Graafian follicle releases an ovum.
- D. The corpus luteum produces progesterone.
Correct answer: The Graafian follicle releases an ovum.
Rationale: Ovulation is the release of a mature egg (ovum) from the Graafian follicle in the ovary. This process is essential for fertilization. Choice A is incorrect because the fallopian tube does not move the ovum to the uterus; rather, it provides a pathway for the egg to travel from the ovary to the uterus. Choice B is incorrect as the oocyte undergoes its first meiotic division after ovulation. Choice D is incorrect because the corpus luteum forms after ovulation and is responsible for producing progesterone.
2. Which school of psychology takes the most positive view of human nature?
- A. Behaviorism.
- B. Functionalism.
- C. Humanism.
- D. Psychoanalysis.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Humanism. Humanism is a school of psychology that focuses on the positive aspects of human nature, emphasizing personal growth, self-actualization, and the inherent goodness in individuals. Behaviorism (choice A) primarily focuses on observable behaviors and conditioning, functionalism (choice B) emphasizes the functions of consciousness and behavior adaptation, and psychoanalysis (choice D) delves into unconscious thoughts and childhood experiences, rather than having a fundamentally positive view of human nature.
3. A nurse is assessing a postoperative patient for signs of infection. Which finding is most concerning?
- A. Mild redness at the incision site.
- B. Increased drainage from the surgical site.
- C. Fever of 101°F.
- D. Normal white blood cell count.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: A fever of 101°F is the most concerning finding when assessing a postoperative patient for signs of infection. Fever can indicate an inflammatory response to an infection, and in a postoperative patient, it can signal a surgical site infection or a systemic infection. Prompt attention is necessary to prevent complications such as sepsis. Mild redness at the incision site and increased drainage can be expected in the early postoperative period due to the normal healing process. A normal white blood cell count does not rule out infection as it can be influenced by various factors, and some infections may not initially cause a rise in white blood cells.
4. What principle is used when the client with fever loses heat through giving cooling bed bath to lower body temperature?
- A. Radiation C. Evaporation
- B. Convection D. Conduction
- C.
- D.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Understanding the underlying pathology and therapeutic techniques ensures that nursing care is not only reactive but also preventative, reducing the risk of complications.
5. A nurse is teaching a client who has hypertension about a heart healthy diet. Which of the following statements indicates that the client understands the teaching?
- A. I will get 15% of my total daily calories from saturated fats.
- B. I will decrease the potassium in my diet.
- C. I will limit my daily sodium intake to 3 grams.
- D. I will eat five 8-ounce servings of fruit daily.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Limiting daily sodium intake to 3 grams helps manage blood pressure and is a key part of a heart-healthy diet.
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