ATI RN
ATI Anatomy and Physiology Online Practice
1. In the early days, healers transitioned from superstition and magic to using natural chemicals in the field of medicine.
- A. True
- B. False
- C. Not Sure
- D. None of the above
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The statement is true. The field of medicine evolved as early healers moved away from superstition and magic, instead focusing on natural chemicals to treat illnesses. This transition marked a shift towards a more scientific and evidence-based approach to healthcare. This historical transition is well-documented in the evolution of medicine. Choice B is incorrect because the statement accurately reflects the historical development of medicine. Choice C is incorrect as the historical transition from superstition to natural chemicals is a well-documented aspect of the evolution of medicine. Choice D is incorrect as the statement provided is true.
2. The priority nursing diagnosis for a client with major depression is:
- A. Altered nutrition
- B. Altered thought process
- C. Self care deficit
- D. Risk for injury
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Patient safety and efficacy of care depend on actions rooted in established nursing protocols that consider both the immediate and long-term needs of the patient.
3. In chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, the inflammatory response predominantly involves:
- A. eosinophils
- B. neutrophils
- C. monocytes
- D. cells
Correct answer: neutrophils
Rationale: In chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, the inflammatory response predominantly involves neutrophils. Neutrophils play a key role in COPD due to their involvement in initiating and sustaining the inflammatory process. Eosinophils are more commonly associated with asthma rather than COPD. Monocytes are less involved in the inflammatory response in COPD compared to neutrophils. The choice 'cells' is too broad and vague to be a specific answer in this context.
4. A community health nurse is reviewing primary prevention strategies for West Nile virus with a group of clients in a rural health clinic. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Avoid exposure to deer ticks.
- B. Eliminate areas of standing water.
- C. Use a respiratory mask when cleaning bird coops.
- D. Plan outdoor activities after dusk.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Eliminate areas of standing water.' This is an essential primary prevention strategy for West Nile virus as it helps prevent the breeding of mosquitoes that spread the virus. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Avoiding exposure to deer ticks is more relevant for Lyme disease, using a respiratory mask when cleaning bird coops is not a primary prevention strategy for West Nile virus, and planning outdoor activities after dusk does not directly address the prevention of West Nile virus transmission.
5. Which of the following is produced by the prostate gland?
- A. testosterone
- B. fluid to lubricate the head of the penis
- C. substance to enhance sperm mobility
- D. Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone
Correct answer: fluid to lubricate the head of the penis
Rationale: The correct answer is 'fluid to lubricate the head of the penis.' The prostate gland produces a milky fluid that makes up part of the seminal fluid, which helps to nourish and transport sperm. Testosterone is produced mainly by the testes, not the prostate gland. While the prostate gland does contribute to sperm mobility, its primary function is to produce the fluid that lubricates the penis during ejaculation. Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone is produced by the hypothalamus and regulates the release of hormones from the pituitary gland.
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