ATI RN
ATI Nutrition Practice A
1. Which nutrient is most important for pregnant women to prevent neural tube defects?
- A. Iron
- B. Folate
- C. Calcium
- D. Vitamin D
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Folate (or folic acid) is crucial for the prevention of neural tube defects during pregnancy.
2. A patient with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is receiving treatment. What is the most important assessment for the nurse to make in this patient?
- A. Skin integrity
- B. Nutritional status
- C. Respiratory function
- D. Cognitive function
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Respiratory function. In a patient with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), monitoring respiratory function is crucial due to the potential for complications such as pleural effusion or pneumonia. Assessing skin integrity (choice A) is important but not as critical as monitoring respiratory function in this case. Nutritional status (choice B) and cognitive function (choice D) are also important aspects of care but do not take precedence over assessing respiratory function in a patient with NHL undergoing treatment.
3. Participating in the development of long-term and preventive health goals with the patient and their family is part of which of the following steps for determining and fulfilling the nursing care needs of the patient?
- A. Evaluation
- B. Planning
- C. Implementation
- D. Assessment
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Planning. Planning in nursing care involves setting long-term and preventive goals for the patient in collaboration with the patient and their family. This step ensures that a comprehensive and individualized care plan is developed. Choice A, Evaluation, comes after the interventions have been implemented to assess their effectiveness. Choice C, Implementation, is the step where the care plan is put into action. Choice D, Assessment, is the initial step that involves collecting data to identify the patient's needs, which is done before planning the care.
4. A patient with heart failure has gained 5 pounds in the last 3 days. What is the nurse's priority intervention?
- A. Restrict the patient's fluid intake.
- B. Monitor the patient's daily weight.
- C. Administer diuretics as prescribed.
- D. Increase the patient's salt intake to promote fluid balance.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is to monitor the patient's daily weight. In heart failure, sudden weight gain indicates fluid retention, which can worsen the condition. Monitoring daily weight helps in early detection of fluid accumulation, allowing timely intervention. Restricting fluid intake (choice A) may be necessary but is not the priority at this point. Administering diuretics (choice C) should be done based on healthcare provider orders, not the nurse's independent decision. Increasing salt intake (choice D) is contraindicated in heart failure as it can exacerbate fluid retention.
5. A young man has received a diagnosis of androgen deficiency and has been prescribed testosterone. At clinic follow-up appointments, the nurse should prioritize which of the following assessments?
- A. Bladder ultrasound and urine testing for glucose and ketones
- B. Weight and measurement of blood pressure
- C. Hearing assessment and abdominal girth measurement
- D. Deep tendon reflexes and random blood glucose testing
Correct answer: B
Rationale: In a patient receiving testosterone therapy for androgen deficiency, monitoring weight and blood pressure is crucial. Testosterone therapy can lead to weight gain and hypertension, making regular assessments of these parameters important to detect and manage any adverse effects. Choices A, C, and D are not the priority assessments for a patient on testosterone therapy. Bladder ultrasound and urine testing for glucose and ketones, hearing assessment and abdominal girth measurement, and deep tendon reflexes and random blood glucose testing are not directly related to the common side effects or monitoring requirements of testosterone therapy.