which nutrient is most important for pregnant women to prevent neural tube defects

ATI RN

ATI Nutrition Practice A

1. Which nutrient is most important for pregnant women to prevent neural tube defects?

A. Iron
B. Folate
C. Calcium
D. Vitamin D

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Folate (or folic acid) is crucial for the prevention of neural tube defects during pregnancy.

2. The home health nurse visits older adult clients at an assisted living center. Which foods should the nurse recommend to correct the main nutrient deficits for this population?

A. Carbohydrates
B. Oily fish and krill oil
C. Yellow vegetables
D. Dairy products

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Dairy products. Older adults are often deficient in calcium and vitamin D, which are abundant in dairy products. These nutrients are essential for maintaining bone health. Choice A (Carbohydrates) is incorrect because while carbohydrates are an essential nutrient, they are not specifically addressing the main nutrient deficits for older adults. Choice B (Oily fish and krill oil) is incorrect as these foods are sources of omega-3 fatty acids and not specifically addressing the main nutrient deficits common in older adults. Choice C (Yellow vegetables) is incorrect because although vegetables are important for overall health, they do not directly address the main nutrient deficits typically seen in older adults.

3. Furosemide (Lasix) is a drug used to _____.

A. activate vitamin D
B. stimulate appetite
C. lower cholesterol
D. mobilize fluids

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Furosemide is a diuretic that helps mobilize fluids by increasing urine output, often used to treat conditions like edema and heart failure.

4. What is tocopherol?

A. Vitamin B1
B. Vitamin B2
C. Vitamin B3
D. Vitamin E

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Tocopherol is another name for Vitamin E, a fat-soluble antioxidant that helps protect cell membranes from oxidative damage. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as tocopherol is specifically related to Vitamin E and not Vitamin B1, B2, or B3.

5. Can soluble fibers be fermented by gut bacteria?

A. TRUE
B. FALSE
C.
D.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Soluble fibers can indeed be fermented by gut bacteria in the large intestine, leading to the production of beneficial short-chain fatty acids. This fermentation process is important for gut health and provides various health benefits. Therefore, the statement is true. Choice B is incorrect as it contradicts the known scientific fact that soluble fibers can be broken down by gut bacteria through fermentation.