Nursing Elites

1. A nurse is planning care for a client who has ascites secondary to liver disease. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care?

• A. Reduce complex carbohydrates to 30% of total calories.
• B. Restrict protein intake to less than 0.8 g/kg/day.
• C. Decrease daily caloric intake by 20%.
• D. Limit sodium to 2000 mg or less per day.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Limiting sodium to 2000 mg or less per day helps manage fluid retention associated with ascites in liver disease.

2. A nurse is teaching a client about strategies to prevent constipation. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

• A. Drinking four to five glasses of water per day will prevent constipation.
• B. I should consume mineral oil once per day.
• C. Eating foods high in fiber will make elimination easier.
• D. I can skip a meal if I feel bloated.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Eating foods high in fiber increases stool bulk and promotes easier elimination, thus preventing constipation.

3. A home health nurse is conducting an initial visit with an older adult client. The client lives alone and has difficulty preparing his own meals. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

• A. Discuss nutritional requirements with the client.
• B. Refer the client to a senior citizen center.
• C. Arrange for a home-delivered meal program.
• D. Perform a nutrition screening.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Performing a nutrition screening first allows the nurse to assess the client's nutritional status and identify specific needs.

4. A nurse is teaching about nutrition to a client who has a new diagnosis of chronic kidney disease. Which of the following recommendations should the nurse include in the teaching?

• A. Increase phosphorus intake
• B. Limit calcium intake
• C. Limit protein intake
• D. Increase potassium intake

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Clients with chronic kidney disease should limit protein intake to reduce the burden on the kidneys.

5. A nurse is evaluating the meal choices of a client who has major depressive disorder and a prescription of Phenelzine. Which of the following selections should the nurse identify as appropriate?

• A. Cheddar cheese
• B. Smoked salmon
• C. Strawberry yogurt
• D. Pepperoni pizza

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Strawberry yogurt is appropriate as it does not contain high levels of tyramine, which can interact negatively with Phenelzine.

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