each is a physiologic role of vitamin d except one which is the exception

ATI RN

ATI Nutrition Proctored Exam

1. Each is a physiologic role of vitamin D, except one. Which is the exception?

A. Hematopoiesis
B. Cardiac and neuromuscular function
C. Immune responses
D. Serum calcium regulation

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, Hematopoiesis. Vitamin D plays a crucial role in regulating serum calcium levels, which is essential for maintaining cardiac and neuromuscular function. Additionally, vitamin D is involved in modulating immune responses. However, hematopoiesis, the formation of red blood cells, is not a direct physiologic role of vitamin D. Therefore, hematopoiesis is the exception among the listed functions of vitamin D.

2. A nurse is caring for an older adult client who reports difficulty chewing due to ill-fitting dentures. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend for the client?

A. Dried fruit
B. Roast beef
C. Tuna fish
D. Apple slices

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Tuna fish. Tuna fish is a soft and easy-to-chew option, suitable for clients with ill-fitting dentures. Dried fruit (choice A) can be tough to chew and may stick to the dentures, causing discomfort. Roast beef (choice B) requires significant chewing effort and may not be suitable for someone with difficulty chewing. Apple slices (choice D) are crunchy and hard, which can be challenging for individuals with ill-fitting dentures.

3. Health practitioners evaluate disease progression in HIV-infected patients by measuring the concentrations of helper T cells and circulating virus, called _____.

A. cross resistance
B. the immune response
C. acquired resistance
D. the viral load

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The viral load is the measure of the amount of circulating virus in the blood and is used to evaluate the progression of HIV infection.

4. What is the medical term for a persistent, abnormal distortion of taste?

A. Anosmia
B. Dysgeusia
C. Xerostomia
D. Hypogeusia

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is Dysgeusia, which is a persistent and abnormal distortion of the sense of taste. This condition can be triggered by various factors such as medications or certain diseases. Anosmia, choice A, refers to the loss of the sense of smell, not taste. Xerostomia, choice C, is the medical term for dry mouth, which is not specifically related to a distortion of taste. Hypogeusia, choice D, refers to a reduced ability to taste things, which is not the same as a distortion of the sense of taste.

5. Which condition is most closely associated with a high rate of gastroesophageal reflux disease?

A. Pregnancy
B. Anorexia
C. Hypertension
D. Diabetes mellitus

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Pregnancy is the correct answer as it is most closely associated with a high rate of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). During pregnancy, the growing fetus exerts pressure on the stomach, leading to the backflow of stomach acid into the esophagus, causing GERD. This physiological change is a common occurrence in pregnant individuals. Conversely, anorexia, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus are not typically linked to a high rate of GERD. While these conditions have their own effects on the body, they do not directly contribute to the mechanisms that cause GERD, unlike the physical changes associated with pregnancy. Therefore, choices B, C, and D are incorrect.