Nursing Elites

1. Which laboratory test would be most important for the nurse to assess when caring for a toddler suspected of having cystic fibrosis?

• A. Liver enzymes
• B. Serum calcium
• C. Sweat chloride test
• D. Urine creatinine

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The sweat chloride test is the primary diagnostic test for cystic fibrosis. Cystic fibrosis is characterized by abnormal transport of chloride and sodium across epithelial cell membranes, leading to increased chloride in sweat. This test is crucial for diagnosing cystic fibrosis in suspected cases. Liver enzymes (Choice A), serum calcium (Choice B), and urine creatinine (Choice D) are not specific tests for cystic fibrosis and would not provide the necessary information for diagnosis in this case.

2. The mother of a 6-month-old infant has returned to work and is expressing breast milk to be frozen. She asks for directions on how to safely thaw the breast milk in the microwave. What should the nurse recommend?

• A. Heat only 10 oz or more.
• B. Do not thaw or heat breast milk in a microwave oven.
• C. Always leave the bottle top uncovered to allow heat to escape.
• D. Shake the bottle vigorously for at least 30 seconds after heating.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Thawing or heating breast milk in a microwave is not recommended because it can create hot spots that may burn the infant and destroy essential nutrients.

3. In teaching the parent of a newly diagnosed 2-year-old child with pyelonephritis related to vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), the nurse should include which information?

• A. Limit fluids to reduce reflux.
• B. Give cranberry juice twice a day.
• C. Have siblings examined for VUR.
• D. Surgery is indicated to reverse scarring.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Siblings should be examined for VUR as it can run in families, and early detection can prevent complications. Limiting fluids is not advisable, and cranberry juice is not effective in preventing VUR. Surgery is usually not indicated for scarring reversal.

4. When describing play by the school-aged child to a group of nursing students, the instructor would emphasize the need for which of the following?

• A. Recreation
• B. Ritualism
• C. Physical activity
• D. Rules

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Rules. When discussing play in school-aged children, rules are essential as they help in structuring games and social interactions. Rules provide a framework for play, ensuring fairness and cooperation among children. Choice A, recreation, is too broad and doesn't specifically address the importance of rules in play. Choice B, ritualism, is unrelated to the concept of play in school-aged children. Choice C, physical activity, is important for overall health but doesn't capture the specific aspect of rules that are crucial in the play of school-aged children.

5. The nurse is interviewing the father of a 10-month-old girl. The child is playing on the floor when she notices an electrical outlet and reaches up to touch it. Her father says no firmly and moves her away from the outlet. The nurse should use this opportunity to teach the father what?

• A. That the child should be given a time-out
• B. That the child is old enough to understand the word no
• C. That the child will learn safety issues better if she is spanked
• D. That the child should already know that electrical outlets are dangerous

Correct answer: B

Rationale: At 10 months, children are beginning to understand simple commands like "no." It is important for parents to reinforce this understanding consistently to help the child learn about boundaries and safety.

Similar Questions