Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following is the best indicator of a child's nutritional status?

• A. Weight
• B. Height
• C. Head circumference
• D. Mid-upper arm circumference

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Mid-upper arm circumference is a good indicator of muscle mass and fat stores, reflecting a child's nutritional status. It is particularly useful in assessing malnutrition, as it is less affected by fluid retention or dehydration compared to other anthropometric measurements. Weight can fluctuate due to factors like hydration status, making it less reliable as a sole indicator of nutritional status. Height reflects growth but may not directly indicate current nutritional status. Head circumference is more related to brain growth and development rather than overall nutritional status.

2. An 8-year-old girl asks the nurse how the blood pressure apparatus works. The most appropriate nursing action is which?

• A. Ask her why she wants to know.
• B. Determine why she is so anxious.
• C. Explain in simple terms how it works.
• D. Tell her she will see how it works as it is used.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Providing a simple explanation satisfies the child's curiosity and helps reduce any anxiety about the procedure.

3. The nurse is caring for a child with a urinary tract infection who is on intravenous gentamicin (Garamycin). What interventions should the nurse plan for this child with regard to this medication? (Select all that apply.)

• A. Encourage fluids.
• B. Monitor urinary output.
• C. Monitor sodium serum levels.
• D. All above

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Gentamicin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic that requires monitoring of serum peak and trough levels to avoid toxicity, particularly nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity. Encouraging fluids and monitoring urinary output are also crucial to minimize the risk of kidney damage.

4. Which are included in the evaluation step of the nursing process? (Select all that apply.)

• A. All below
• B. Ascertaining if the plan requires modification
• C. Determination if the outcome has been met
• D. Selecting alternative interventions if the outcome has not been met

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The evaluation step involves determining if outcomes are met, modifying the plan if needed, and selecting alternative interventions if goals are not achieved.

5. A preschooler pretending to do the dishes like her mother is an example of:

• A. Domestic mimicry
• B. Artificialism
• C. Magical thinking
• D. Centering

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Domestic mimicry is the correct answer. It refers to children imitating household activities they observe, aiding in their cognitive and social development. By engaging in such play, children understand and interact with the world around them. Choice B, 'Artificialism,' is incorrect as it pertains to the belief that environmental characteristics are created by human beings. Choice C, 'Magical thinking,' involves children believing in unrealistic events or powers. Choice D, 'Centering,' refers to a child focusing on only one aspect of a situation and not considering other viewpoints.

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