ATI RN
RN Nursing Care of Children Online Practice 2019 A
1. A young mother asks if her 9-month-old can begin drinking cow’s milk instead of formula. You explain that:
- A. Cow’s milk is easier to digest than formula
- B. Breast milk or formula should be used for now because whole cow’s milk is not recommended for infants under 1 year
- C. As long as whole milk is given and not skim milk, it is okay
- D. Cow’s milk will decrease the chance of iron deficiency anemia
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Breast milk or formula should be used for now because whole cow’s milk is not recommended for infants under 1 year. Cow’s milk is not suitable for infants under 1 year of age as it lacks essential nutrients like iron and can lead to iron deficiency. Therefore, it is important to continue with breast milk or formula to ensure the baby's nutritional needs are met. Choice A is incorrect as cow’s milk is not easier to digest than formula for infants. Choice C is incorrect as the type of milk, whether whole or skim, is not the primary concern at this age. Choice D is incorrect as cow’s milk can actually increase the risk of iron deficiency anemia in infants.
2. Which pediatric disorder is associated with a 'boot-shaped' heart on a chest x-ray?
- A. Tetralogy of Fallot
- B. Transposition of the great arteries
- C. Coarctation of the aorta
- D. Ventricular septal defect
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Tetralogy of Fallot. Tetralogy of Fallot is often associated with a 'boot-shaped' heart appearance on a chest x-ray due to the characteristic heart anatomy in this condition. This appearance is caused by the combination of pulmonary stenosis, overriding aorta, ventricular septal defect, and right ventricular hypertrophy. Choice B, Transposition of the great arteries, is incorrect because it presents with a 'egg-on-a-string' appearance on x-ray due to the abnormal position of the aorta and pulmonary artery. Choice C, Coarctation of the aorta, typically presents with rib notching on x-ray. Choice D, Ventricular septal defect, does not produce the 'boot-shaped' heart appearance seen in Tetralogy of Fallot.
3. A nurse is carrying on a conversation with a 7-year-old child during an office visit. Which is an example of the level of language development the nurse should expect in this child?
- A. Fascination with bathroom language
- B. Difficulty understanding the concept of 'half past' in reference to time
- C. Ability to carry on an adult conversation
- D. Inability to speak in full sentences
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Understanding time concepts like 'half past' can be challenging for a 7-year-old, indicating the level of language development. Choice A is incorrect as fascination with bathroom language is common in this age group but not necessarily indicative of language development. Choice C is incorrect as a 7-year-old typically cannot carry on an adult conversation due to cognitive and experiential limitations. Choice D is incorrect as by the age of 7, children should be able to speak in full sentences.
4. The nurse is discussing parenting in reconstituted families with a new stepparent. The nurse is aware that the new stepparent understands the teaching when which statement is made?
- A. "I am glad there will be no disruption in my lifestyle."
- B. "I don’t think children really want to live in a two-parent home."
- C. "I realize there may be power conflicts bringing two households together."
- D. "I understand contact between grandparents should be kept to a minimum."
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Recognizing the potential for power conflicts when blending two households indicates an understanding of the complexities in reconstituted families.
5. Which is the most frequently used test for measuring visual acuity?
- A. Snellen letter chart
- B. Ishihara vision test
- C. Allen picture card test
- D. Denver eye screening test
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The Snellen letter chart is the most commonly used test for measuring visual acuity, particularly in school-age children and adults.