ATI RN
RN Nursing Care of Children Online Practice 2019 A
1. A young mother asks if her 9-month-old can begin drinking cow’s milk instead of formula. You explain that:
- A. Cow’s milk is easier to digest than formula
- B. Breast milk or formula should be used for now because whole cow’s milk is not recommended for infants under 1 year
- C. As long as whole milk is given and not skim milk, it is okay
- D. Cow’s milk will decrease the chance of iron deficiency anemia
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Breast milk or formula should be used for now because whole cow’s milk is not recommended for infants under 1 year. Cow’s milk is not suitable for infants under 1 year of age as it lacks essential nutrients like iron and can lead to iron deficiency. Therefore, it is important to continue with breast milk or formula to ensure the baby's nutritional needs are met. Choice A is incorrect as cow’s milk is not easier to digest than formula for infants. Choice C is incorrect as the type of milk, whether whole or skim, is not the primary concern at this age. Choice D is incorrect as cow’s milk can actually increase the risk of iron deficiency anemia in infants.
2. A patient with breast cancer is prescribed tamoxifen (Nolvadex). What critical information should the nurse provide during patient education?
- A. Tamoxifen may increase the risk of venous thromboembolism, so patients should be educated about the signs and symptoms of blood clots.
- B. Tamoxifen may decrease the risk of osteoporosis, so adequate calcium intake is important.
- C. Tamoxifen may cause weight gain, so patients should monitor their diet.
- D. Tamoxifen may increase the risk of breast cancer, so regular mammograms are essential.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: When a patient is prescribed tamoxifen, a critical piece of information that the nurse should provide during patient education is that tamoxifen may increase the risk of venous thromboembolism. Therefore, patients should be educated about the signs and symptoms of blood clots and advised to seek immediate medical attention if they occur. Choice B is incorrect because tamoxifen does not decrease the risk of osteoporosis. Choice C is incorrect as weight gain is a possible side effect of tamoxifen, but it is not a critical piece of information compared to the risk of venous thromboembolism. Choice D is incorrect because tamoxifen is actually used to treat breast cancer, not increase its risk.
3. A client has a prescription for Hydralazine. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Take the medication at bedtime.
- B. Monitor your blood pressure regularly.
- C. Expect to have increased energy levels.
- D. Avoid foods high in potassium.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is to monitor blood pressure regularly. Hydralazine is an antihypertensive medication that helps lower blood pressure. Monitoring blood pressure regularly is essential to ensure it remains within the target range and to assess the effectiveness of the medication. Choice A is incorrect because the timing of taking Hydralazine is usually not specified as bedtime. Choice C is incorrect because increased energy levels are not an expected effect of Hydralazine. Choice D is incorrect because Hydralazine does not interact with potassium in the same way as other medications like potassium-sparing diuretics.
4. How should a healthcare provider manage a patient with chronic kidney disease?
- A. Limit fluid intake
- B. Increase potassium intake
- C. Provide a high-protein diet
- D. Administer IV antibiotics
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Limiting fluid intake is essential in managing patients with chronic kidney disease to prevent fluid overload, which can worsen kidney function. Increasing potassium intake is not recommended as patients with kidney disease often need to limit potassium. Providing a high-protein diet may put extra strain on the kidneys, so it is not ideal. Administering IV antibiotics is not a standard treatment for chronic kidney disease.
5. Dana's mother suffers from serious depressive episodes. Dana is likely to ________.
- A. be at risk for depression herself.
- B. become a happy-go-lucky child due to having to cope with so much.
- C. act in an aggressive, criminal manner.
- D. have intense attachments to her mother.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: When a family member, especially a parent, suffers from serious depressive episodes, it can increase the risk of depression in other family members, including children. Therefore, in this situation, Dana is likely to be at risk for depression herself. Choice B is incorrect because experiencing a parent's depression does not necessarily lead to becoming a happy-go-lucky child; it can have serious emotional implications. Choice C is incorrect as there is no direct link between a parent's depression and a child acting in an aggressive, criminal manner. Choice D may seem plausible, but it is not the most likely outcome in this scenario.