ATI RN
ATI Nutrition Practice Test B 2019
1. Which client is most likely to need regular injections of vitamin B12?
- A. The client with malabsorption syndrome.
- B. The client following a vegan eating pattern.
- C. The client whose stomach does not produce intrinsic factors.
- D. The client with alcoholism.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. The client whose stomach does not produce intrinsic factors is most likely to need regular injections of vitamin B12. Intrinsic factor is essential for the absorption of vitamin B12. Without intrinsic factor, the client cannot absorb vitamin B12 from food, necessitating the need for regular injections. Choices A, B, and D do not directly impact the production of intrinsic factors in the stomach, so they are less likely to result in the need for vitamin B12 injections.
2. Mr. CKK is unconscious and was brought to the E.R. Who among the following can give consent for CKK's operation?
- A. Doctor
- B. Nurse
- C. Next of Kin
- D. The Patient
Correct answer: A
Rationale: In the scenario described, when a patient is unconscious and unable to provide consent, the responsibility usually falls on the physician to make decisions regarding the patient's treatment, including obtaining consent for an operation. While nurses play a crucial role in patient care, they typically do not have the authority to provide consent for a major procedure. The next of kin may be consulted for input, but the ultimate decision-making authority lies with the physician. The patient, being unconscious, is unable to provide consent in this situation.
3. The following are all classes of nutrients except:
- A. protein
- B. fat
- C. carbs
- D. phytochemicals
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Phytochemicals are not considered a class of nutrients. While proteins, fats, and carbohydrates are essential macronutrients providing energy and structural support, phytochemicals are non-nutrient compounds found in plants that offer various health benefits but are not essential for sustaining life like the other three choices. Therefore, the correct answer is D.
4. What is the digestive action of lipase?
- A. It breaks down carbohydrates
- B. It breaks down proteins
- C. It breaks down lipids
- D. It aids in fat digestion
Correct answer: C: It breaks down lipids
Rationale: Lipase is an enzyme that specifically breaks down lipids (fats) during the process of digestion, converting them into fatty acids and glycerol. This is why option C is the correct answer. Although option D is partially correct, it's less specific than option C. Lipase does not break down carbohydrates or proteins, so options A and B are incorrect.
5. What information should a working mother who wants to continue breastfeeding her infant by occasionally pumping milk ahead of time be given to help her successfully maintain breastfeeding?
- A. Breast milk can be refrigerated for up to 4 days
- B. Breast milk stored in a deep freezer can be kept for up to 12 months
- C. Heating breast milk in the microwave can degrade its nutritional quality
- D. Breast milk can be expressed either by hand or with an electric pump
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. This information is crucial as it informs the mother of her options for expressing milk, which is the first step in being able to store and later feed it to her child while she's away at work. Choice A has been corrected to state that breast milk can be refrigerated for up to 4 days, providing a more accurate storage timeframe. Choice B has been revised to indicate that breast milk stored in a deep freezer can be kept for up to 12 months, aligning with the recommended storage duration. Choice C now highlights that heating breast milk in the microwave can degrade its nutritional quality, emphasizing the importance of using proper methods for warming breast milk and avoiding potential harm to the baby's health and well-being.