Nursing Elites

1. A client with a large lower-leg ulcer needs protein for wound healing. Which of the following foods should the nurse suggest?

• A. Kidney beans
• B. Grilled salmon
• C. Peanut butter
• D. Raw spinach

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Grilled salmon is the best choice for providing high-quality protein for wound healing. Salmon is rich in essential amino acids, omega-3 fatty acids, and vitamin D, which can help promote tissue repair and reduce inflammation. Kidney beans, peanut butter, and raw spinach are good protein sources but do not offer the same level of high-quality protein and nutrients needed specifically for wound healing.

2. Cariogenic foods and beverages, which are fermentable carbohydrates that can be metabolized by oral bacteria, reduce salivary pH to what critical level?

• A. 5
• B. 5.5
• C. 6
• D. 6.5

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Cariogenic foods and beverages lower the pH level in the mouth to below 5.5. This is a critical threshold, as it is the point at which enamel begins to demineralize, increasing the risk of dental caries. Therefore, options 'A', 'C', and 'D' are incorrect. Although a pH level of 5, as suggested by option 'A', would indeed lead to demineralization, it's not the threshold value. The pH levels suggested by options 'C' and 'D' (6 and 6.5, respectively) are higher than the critical value of 5.5, which means they would not initiate enamel demineralization and the subsequent risk of dental caries.

3. A fire has broken in the unit of DMLM R.N. The best leadership style suited in cases of emergencies like this is:

• A. Autocratic
• B. Participative
• C. Democratic
• D. Laissez Faire

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Understanding the underlying pathology and therapeutic techniques ensures that nursing care is not only reactive but also preventative, reducing the risk of complications.

4. Much of the research investigating probiotics and intestinal illness has focused on the prevention and treatment of _____.

• A. irritable bowel syndrome
• B. Crohn's disease
• C. diverticulitis
• D. infectious diarrhea

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is 'D: infectious diarrhea.' Research has extensively explored the use of probiotics in the prevention and treatment of infectious diarrhea. Probiotics can aid in restoring the balance of gut flora, thereby reducing symptoms. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because while probiotics may have some benefits for these conditions, the primary focus of research in relation to probiotics and intestinal illness has been on infectious diarrhea.

5. A multivitamin supplement containing folic acid is recommended for all young women because of the number of unintentional pregnancies in women 15 to 24 years old.

• A. Both the statement and the reason are correct and related
• B. Both the statement and the reason are correct but are not related
• C. The statement is correct, but the reason is not correct
• D. The statement is not correct, but the reason is correct

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Both the statement and the reason are correct and related. A multivitamin with folic acid is recommended for young women due to the high incidence of unplanned pregnancies in this age group.

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