ATI RN
Nutrition ATI Test
1. The nurse is caring for a client taking warfarin. Which meal brought in by the client's family is a priority to remove before the client eats it?
- A. Oriental cabbage salad with chicken
- B. Beef enchilada, rice, and beans
- C. Ham and cheese sandwich
- D. Macaroni salad and grapefruit slices
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Ham is high in vitamin K, which can interfere with warfarin. Vitamin K can decrease the effectiveness of warfarin, an anticoagulant medication. Choices A, B, and D do not contain high levels of vitamin K and are less likely to interfere with the client's warfarin therapy.
2. Where is Vitamin K synthesized?
- A. by bacteria in the GI tract
- B. by the body by sunlight
- C. deficiency is called beriberi
- D. found in vegetable oils
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Vitamin K is synthesized by bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract. Choice B is incorrect as the synthesis of Vitamin D, not K, can be induced by sunlight exposure. Choice C is incorrect as beriberi is a condition caused by thiamine (Vitamin B1) deficiency, not Vitamin K. Choice D is incorrect as Vitamin E is commonly found in vegetable oils, not Vitamin K.
3. Any disease that produces ____ malabsorption can bring about deficiencies of vitamins A, D, E, and K.
- A. water
- B. protein
- C. fat
- D. carbs
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Vitamins A, D, E, and K are fat-soluble, meaning they require fat for absorption. Diseases that cause fat malabsorption can lead to deficiencies in these vitamins.
4. Select all that apply. To lower LDL levels, you should:
- A. consume minimal amounts of hydrogenated and saturated fats
- B. consume more insoluble fibers than soluble fibers
- C. consume alcohol in moderate levels
- D. engage in regular physical activity
Correct answer: A
Rationale: To lower LDL levels, reducing intake of hydrogenated (trans) and saturated fats is crucial, as these types of fats can raise LDL cholesterol in the blood. Choice B is incorrect because both soluble and insoluble fibers can help lower LDL levels. Choice C is incorrect as excessive alcohol consumption can lead to increased LDL levels. Choice D, engaging in regular physical activity, can help raise HDL (good) cholesterol levels but is not directly related to lowering LDL levels.
5. Low levels of physical activity are more commonly associated with which type of cancer?
- A. Esophageal cancer
- B. Pancreatic cancer
- C. Lung cancer
- D. Colon cancer
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Low physical activity is most strongly associated with an increased risk of colon cancer. Regular exercise helps regulate bowel movements and reduce inflammation, which are factors that can contribute to the development of colon cancer. Esophageal cancer, pancreatic cancer, and lung cancer are not as directly linked to low levels of physical activity.