Nursing Elites

1. Which best describes a key goal of secondary prevention?

• A. Preventing the onset of disease
• B. Detecting diseases early
• C. Managing chronic conditions
• D. Improving quality of life

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The key goal of secondary prevention is to detect diseases early before they progress to advanced stages. By identifying diseases at an early stage, healthcare providers can intervene promptly, initiate treatment, and potentially improve patient outcomes. This approach aims to prevent complications and reduce the impact of the disease on an individual's health and well-being.

2. Why is environmental health more challenging than other variables related to an individual’s health?

• A. Environmental health affects susceptible individuals more than groups.
• B. Environmental health demands that individuals be willing to change their beliefs.
• C. Environmental health is dependent on social neighborhoods and geography.
• D. Environmental health requires social, economic, and political changes to improve.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Improving environmental health necessitates broader changes beyond individual actions, including social, economic, and political transformations to address root causes of environmental issues. These changes are crucial for sustainable improvements in environmental health outcomes.

3. In evaluating the healthcare provided, which of the following vital statistics in the communities served will BEST indicate their health status?

• A. 0 crude death rate for the year 2012
• B. 50% (Swaroop's) index for the year 2011
• C. 0 infant mortality rate for the year 2011
• D. 0 crude birth rate for the year 2011

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The infant mortality rate is a critical indicator of a community's health status as it reflects the impact of economic and social conditions on the health of mothers and infants, as well as the effectiveness of healthcare systems. A low infant mortality rate signifies better overall health outcomes and healthcare access within a community.

4. Care provided by specialists in health facilities such as medical centers, regional, and provincial hospitals falls under which level of care?

• A. Secondary level of care
• B. Tertiary level of care
• C. Primary level of care
• D. Intermediate level of care

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Tertiary level of care encompasses specialized care provided by experts in medical centers, regional, and provincial hospitals. This level of care focuses on advanced diagnostic, treatment, and management of complex health conditions beyond what primary and secondary care levels offer.

5. Which term refers to the personal characteristics and risks of a group within a community?

• A. Aggregate of people
• B. Location in space and time
• C. Social system
• D. Census tract

Correct answer: A

Rationale: An aggregate of people refers to a group within a community that shares common personal characteristics and risks. This term is used to describe a specific dimension of a community focusing on the characteristics and risks of a group rather than geographical or structural aspects (choices B, C, and D). Therefore, the correct answer is 'Aggregate of people.'

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