Nursing Elites

1. When examining heredity, mental disorders are almost always ________

• A. influenced by one particular gene.
• B. influenced by multiple genes.
• C. influenced by recessive genes.
• D. not influenced by genes.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: When examining heredity, mental disorders are influenced by multiple genes. Mental disorders are complex conditions that typically result from a combination of genetic, environmental, and other factors. While genetics play a significant role in predisposing individuals to mental disorders, it is rare for a single gene to be solely responsible for a mental disorder. Therefore, choice B is correct. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because mental disorders are not usually influenced by one particular gene, recessive genes specifically, or not influenced by genes at all.

2. Which psychosexual stage focuses on castration anxiety?

• A. Genital
• B. Oral
• C. Anal
• D. Phallic

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Castration anxiety is a concept from Freudian psychoanalytic theory that occurs during the Phallic stage. This stage occurs between 3 to 6 years of age and is when children experience conflicts related to the Oedipus complex (boys) and Electra complex (girls). During this stage, children may fear castration (in boys) or penis envy (in girls), which are crucial components of castration anxiety. Therefore, the correct answer is Phallic. The other options (A: Genital, B: Oral, C: Anal) are incorrect as they do not specifically involve castration anxiety but rather represent different stages in Freud's psychosexual development theory.

3. How does genetic predisposition influence mental health?

• A. Genetic predisposition guarantees the development of mental disorders.
• B. Genetic predisposition plays a role but is not the sole determinant of mental health.
• C. Genetic predisposition does not influence mental health.
• D. Genetic predisposition determines mental health without exception.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Genetic predisposition indeed plays a significant role in influencing mental health by increasing the risk of developing certain disorders. However, it is crucial to note that it is not the sole determinant. Mental health is also influenced by various environmental factors, lifestyle choices, and individual experiences. Option A is incorrect because genetic predisposition does not guarantee the development of mental disorders; it only predisposes individuals to a higher risk. Option C is incorrect as genetic predisposition does have an influence on mental health. Option D is incorrect because mental health is a complex interplay of genetic, environmental, and other factors.

4. Latresha is not hungry, is extremely tired, and doesn't feel like doing much of anything. She often feels that life is just hopeless. These symptoms have been going on for 2 months now. She probably is suffering from which mood disorder?

• A. Generalized anxiety disorder
• B. Bipolar disorder
• C. Major depressive disorder
• D. Obsessive-compulsive disorder

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, Major Depressive Disorder. Latresha's symptoms of prolonged sadness, fatigue, and lack of interest in activities lasting for 2 months indicate a major depressive episode. Generalized anxiety disorder (A) is characterized by excessive worry and anxiety, not necessarily prolonged sadness. Bipolar disorder (B) involves episodes of both mania and depression, not solely prolonged sadness. Obsessive-compulsive disorder (D) is characterized by obsessions and compulsions, not the symptoms described in the scenario.

5. A psychologist who is interested in the psychological effect of aging would most likely specialize in?

• A. Developmental psychology.
• B. Experimental psychology.
• C. Cognitive psychology.
• D. Psychometrics.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: A psychologist interested in the psychological effect of aging would most likely specialize in developmental psychology. Developmental psychology focuses on studying the psychological changes that occur throughout a person's lifespan, including the effects of aging. Experimental psychology primarily deals with conducting experiments to study behavior and cognitive processes. Cognitive psychology focuses on mental processes like perception, memory, and problem-solving. Psychometrics involves the measurement of psychological variables such as intelligence, aptitude, and personality traits, but it does not specifically address the psychological effects of aging as in developmental psychology.

Similar Questions