Nursing Elites

1. Which systolic blood pressure measurement is classified as prehypertension?

• A. 106 mmHg
• B. 119 mmHg
• C. 130 mmHg
• D. 141 mmHg

Correct answer: B

Rationale: According to the blood pressure classification, a systolic blood pressure between 120-139 mmHg is considered prehypertension. This range indicates an increased risk for developing hypertension if not managed appropriately. Therefore, a systolic blood pressure of 119 mmHg falls into the prehypertension category. A systolic pressure of 106 mmHg is within the normal range, while 130 mmHg and above would be classified as stage 1 and stage 2 hypertension respectively, not prehypertension.

2. In the following ingredient list, which is the most abundant by weight? Ingredients: enriched flour, sugars, eggs, soy lecithin, artificial colors, natural flavors, milk.

• A. milk
• B. eggs
• C. sugar
• D. enriched flour

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is 'enriched flour.' In ingredient lists, items are typically listed by weight in descending order. Therefore, the first ingredient, in this case, 'enriched flour,' is the most abundant by weight. Choice A, 'milk,' is not the most abundant as it appears last in the list. Choice B, 'eggs,' and choice C, 'sugar,' also rank lower in the list compared to 'enriched flour,' making them less abundant by weight.

3. An estimated _____ percent of persons in the United States who have HIV infection are unaware that they are infected.

• A. 4%
• B. 21%
• C. 34%
• D. 49%

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: '21%'. Approximately 21% of persons in the United States who have HIV infection are unaware that they are infected. This percentage represents a significant portion of individuals who are not aware of their HIV status, highlighting the importance of increased testing and awareness campaigns. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not align with the estimated percentage provided in the context.

4. What characterizes Obsessive Compulsive Disorder?

• A. Uncontrollable impulse to perform an act or ritual repeatedly
• B. Persistent thoughts and behavior
• C. Recurring unwanted and disturbing thoughts
• D. Pathological persistence of unwilled thoughts

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is characterized by the uncontrollable impulse to perform an act or ritual repeatedly (Choice A). This is driven by recurring unwanted and disturbing thoughts (Choice C), but the distinguishing factor is the compulsive behavior, making choice A the most accurate. While choice B can be seen as true, it lacks the specific detail of the compulsive behavior that makes A a better answer. Choice D is not incorrect, but it uses terminology that is less precise and less commonly used to describe OCD, making it a less accurate choice than A. The provided rationale is not relevant to the question.

5. A nurse is caring for a client who is lactose intolerant. Which of the following clinical manifestations should the nurse assess?

• A. Fever
• B. Blood in stools
• C. Cramping
• D. Steatorrhea

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Cramping. Cramping is a common clinical manifestation of lactose intolerance due to the inability to digest lactose properly. Fever (choice A) is not typically associated with lactose intolerance. Blood in stools (choice B) is more indicative of other gastrointestinal issues like inflammatory bowel disease. Steatorrhea (choice D) is the presence of excess fat in the stool and is not a typical symptom of lactose intolerance.

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