ATI RN
Nutrition ATI Proctored Exam
1. What nutrition-related side effect is most likely to occur after head and neck surgery for cancer treatment?
- A. Aspiration
- B. Acid reflux
- C. Dumping syndrome
- D. Diarrhea
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The most likely nutrition-related side effect after head and neck surgery for cancer treatment is aspiration. This is due to changes in swallowing mechanics, which can cause food or liquids to be inhaled into the lungs. While acid reflux, dumping syndrome, and diarrhea are potential side effects related to nutrition, they are not as directly connected to head and neck surgery. Acid reflux is more often related to issues with the lower esophageal sphincter, dumping syndrome is typically a complication of gastric surgery, and diarrhea can have various causes, including certain medications or gastrointestinal illnesses.
2. What intervention would be most appropriate for a patient who has difficulty eating because of chewing problems?
- A. Use squeeze bottles to pour liquids into the mouth
- B. Provide utensils that have modified handles
- C. Offer plates with food guards
- D. Provide soft foods
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Providing soft foods is crucial for patients with chewing difficulties to ensure they can consume adequate nutrition without discomfort.
3. When performing endotracheal suctioning, the nurse applies suctioning while withdrawing and gently rotating the catheter 360 degrees for which of the following time periods?
- A. 10-15 seconds
- B. 30-35 seconds
- C. 20-25 seconds
- D. 0-5 seconds
Correct answer: D
Rationale: During endotracheal suctioning, the nurse should apply suctioning while withdrawing and gently rotating the catheter 360 degrees for a short period of 0-5 seconds. This brief duration helps minimize the risk of hypoxia and trauma to the airway. Choices A, B, and C suggest longer time periods for suctioning, which can increase the risk of complications such as hypoxia, mucosal damage, and the removal of excess amounts of airway secretions.
4. Monosaccharides are converted into glucose in the liver to provide an energy supply to the cells.
- A. Both statements are true
- B. Both statements are false
- C. The first statement is true; the second is false
- D. The first statement is false; the second is true
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Both statements are true. Monosaccharides are indeed converted into glucose in the liver. Glucose, in turn, serves as a primary energy source for cells in the body, providing the necessary fuel for various cellular functions. The liver plays a crucial role in regulating blood glucose levels by converting monosaccharides into glucose and releasing it into the bloodstream when needed. Therefore, option A is the correct choice. Options B, C, and D are incorrect because both statements are accurate in this context.
5. Can fluid retention cause lab values to be deceptively high, whereas dehydration may cause the values to be deceptively low?
- A. True
- B. False
- C. Not always
- D. Sometimes
Correct answer: B: False
Rationale: The statement is incorrect. Fluid retention generally results in lab values appearing deceptively low, not high, because the excess fluid dilutes the concentration of substances in the blood. Conversely, dehydration can make lab values appear deceptively high as the reduced fluid volume in the body means substances in the blood are less diluted. Choices 'C: Not always' and 'D: Sometimes' are not specific and do not directly address the statement in the question, hence they are incorrect.