ATI RN
Nutrition ATI Proctored Exam 2023
1. What is the main function of dietary fiber in managing cholesterol levels?
- A. To reduce absorption of dietary fats
- B. To increase cholesterol synthesis
- C. To enhance protein digestion
- D. To decrease cholesterol absorption
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Dietary fiber helps lower cholesterol levels by binding to bile acids and reducing cholesterol absorption.
2. Which of the following is a tricyclic antidepressant drug?
- A. Venlafaxine (Effexor)
- B. Fluoxetine (Prozac)
- C. Sertraline (Zoloft)
- D. Imipramine (Tofranil)
Correct answer: D: Imipramine (Tofranil)
Rationale: Imipramine (Tofranil) is a tricyclic antidepressant drug. This class of medications is used to treat depression, and they work by increasing the levels of certain chemicals in the brain that help lift mood. On the other hand, Venlafaxine (Effexor) is a serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI), Fluoxetine (Prozac) is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), and Sertraline (Zoloft) is also an SSRI. Therefore, they are not classified as tricyclic antidepressants.
3. The mentally ill person responds positively to the nurse who is warm and caring. This is a demonstration of the nurse’s role as:
- A. counselor
- B. mother surrogate
- C. therapist
- D. socializing agent
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Patient safety and efficacy of care depend on actions rooted in established nursing protocols that consider both the immediate and long-term needs of the patient.
4. What is the term for intestinal wounds associated with Crohn's disease that develop in different areas in the intestine, with normal tissue separating affected regions?
- A. Skip lesions
- B. Fistulas
- C. Fissures
- D. Loop ulcerations
Correct answer: A: Skip lesions
Rationale: Skip lesions are typical characteristics of Crohn's disease, where patches of diseased intestine are interspersed with areas of healthy tissue. This is why option A is the correct answer. Option B, fistulas, are abnormal connections between two body parts, which is not what the question is describing. Option C, fissures, are small tears in the lining of the anus, which also do not fit the description in the question. Option D, loop ulcerations, is not a recognized medical term, making it an incorrect choice.
5. A client has a small-bore jejunostomy and is receiving a continuous tube feeding with a high-viscosity formula. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to prevent the tubing from clogging?
- A. Replace the bag and tubing every 24 hours
- B. Flush the tubing with 10 mL water every 6 hours
- C. Administer the feeding by gravity drip
- D. Heat the formula prior to infusion
Correct answer: B
Rationale: To prevent clogging when using high-viscosity formulas in a small-bore jejunostomy, the nurse should flush the tubing with 10 mL of water every 6 hours. This action helps maintain tube patency and prevent blockages. Replacing the bag and tubing every 24 hours (Choice A) is unnecessary and does not specifically address preventing clogging. Administering the feeding by gravity drip (Choice C) or heating the formula prior to infusion (Choice D) are not effective interventions for preventing tubing clogging.