ATI RN
ATI Nutrition
1. A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for a low-sodium diet. The client’s family has requested to bring in some of the client’s favorite foods. Which of the following food items should the nurse tell the family members to omit?
- A. Boiled rice
- B. Flat bread
- C. Broiled fish fillet
- D. Pickled vegetables
Correct answer: Pickled vegetables
Rationale: The correct answer is 'Pickled vegetables.' Pickled vegetables are high in sodium due to the pickling process, making them unsuitable for a low-sodium diet. Boiled rice, flat bread, and broiled fish fillet are generally lower in sodium compared to pickled vegetables and can be included in a low-sodium diet. Therefore, the nurse should advise the family to omit pickled vegetables to adhere to the client's dietary restrictions.
2. The purpose of ECT in clients with depression is to:
- A. Stimulation in the brain to increase brain conduction and counteract depression
- B. Mainly Biologic, increasing the norepinephrine and serotonin level
- C. Creates a temporary brain damage that will increase blood flow to the brain
- D. Involves the conduction of electrical current to the brain to charge the neurons and combat depression
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Patient safety and efficacy of care depend on actions rooted in established nursing protocols that consider both the immediate and long-term needs of the patient.
3. A nurse is teaching a client with diabetes mellitus about foot care. What is the most important instruction the nurse should include?
- A. Apply lotion between the toes after bathing
- B. Inspect feet daily for injuries
- C. Wear shoes only indoors
- D. Cut toenails in a rounded shape
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Inspecting feet daily for injuries is crucial for clients with diabetes to prevent unnoticed wounds from becoming infected. This instruction is the most important as it helps in early detection and management of foot problems. Choice A is incorrect because applying lotion between the toes can lead to excessive moisture, increasing the risk of fungal infections. Choice C is wrong as wearing shoes indoors can also lead to foot issues. Choice D is incorrect because cutting toenails in a rounded shape can result in ingrown toenails, posing a risk for infection.
4. The nurse assesses a patient who has numerous petechiae on both arms. Which question should the nurse ask the patient?
- A. Are you taking any oral contraceptives?
- B. Have you been prescribed antiseizure drugs?
- C. Do you take medication containing salicylates?
- D. How long have you been taking antihypertensive drugs?
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'Do you take medication containing salicylates?' Petechiae are tiny, pinpoint, red or purple spots on the skin due to bleeding under the skin. Salicylates, which are found in medications like aspirin, interfere with platelet function and can lead to petechiae and ecchymoses. Asking about salicylate-containing medications is crucial in this situation. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because they are not directly related to the development of petechiae.
5. When injecting subcutaneous injection in an obese patient, It should be angled at around:
- A. 45 °
- B. 90 °
- C. 180 °
- D. Parallel to the skin
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Nursing interventions should be grounded in a deep understanding of the physiological processes involved, ensuring that care provided is both effective and efficient.
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