ATI RN
ATI Capstone Adult Medical Surgical Assessment 2
1. What are the expected symptoms in a patient with a thrombotic stroke?
- A. Gradual loss of function on one side of the body
- B. Sudden loss of consciousness
- C. Severe headache and confusion
- D. Loss of sensation in the affected limb
Correct answer: A
Rationale: A thrombotic stroke typically presents with a gradual loss of function on one side of the body. This gradual onset distinguishes it from a hemorrhagic stroke, which often manifests with sudden and severe symptoms like loss of consciousness (choice B), severe headache and confusion (choice C), or loss of sensation in the affected limb (choice D). Therefore, choices B, C, and D are not typically associated with thrombotic strokes.
2. Which strategy is most effective in improving health literacy among patients?
- A. Using clear and simple language in communication
- B. Providing health education sessions
- C. Offering one-on-one counseling
- D. Distributing written materials
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The most effective strategy in improving health literacy among patients is using clear and simple language in communication. Clear and simple language helps ensure that patients can easily understand health information, leading to better comprehension, decision-making, and health outcomes.
3. Which test measures how much and how quickly you can move air out of your lungs?
- A. Spirometry
- B. Peak flow meter
- C. Lung volume test
- D. Arterial blood gas
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A, Spirometry. Spirometry is a common pulmonary function test that measures lung function by assessing the amount (volume) and speed (flow) of air that can be inhaled and exhaled. This test helps in diagnosing conditions like asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and other lung diseases. Peak flow meter (choice B) measures the maximum speed at which a person can exhale air, mainly used in asthma management. Lung volume test (choice C) evaluates the total amount of air the lungs can hold. Arterial blood gas (choice D) measures the levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood, providing information on how well the lungs are functioning in gas exchange, but it does not specifically measure the amount and speed of air movement in and out of the lungs like spirometry does.
4. A nurse is reviewing blood glucose values for a client who is at risk for Diabetes Mellitus. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
- A. 2 hr glucose tolerance test level 150 mg/dL
- B. Fasting blood glucose 70 mg
- C. Glycosylated hemoglobin 5%
- D. Casual blood glucose 90 mg/dL
Correct answer: A
Rationale: A 2-hour glucose tolerance test level of 150 mg/dL is above the normal range and should be reported to the provider as it indicates impaired glucose tolerance.
5. A client has a new prescription for Furosemide to treat heart failure. Which of the following laboratory results should the nurse monitor?
- A. Potassium level
- B. Sodium level
- C. Hemoglobin A1C
- D. BUN
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The nurse should monitor the client's potassium levels when taking Furosemide because the medication can lead to hypokalemia. Hypokalemia is a potential side effect of Furosemide, a loop diuretic, due to increased potassium excretion in the urine. Monitoring potassium levels is crucial to prevent complications such as cardiac dysrhythmias associated with low potassium levels. Therefore, choices B (Sodium level), C (Hemoglobin A1C), and D (BUN) are incorrect as they are not directly influenced by Furosemide therapy for heart failure.
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