ATI RN
ATI Anatomy and Physiology Online Practice
1. What is the most useful application of ultrasonography for diagnostic examination?
- A. dense organs, such as bones.
- B. air-filled organs, such as lungs.
- C. soft internal structures, such as fetuses.
- D. microscopic structures.
Correct answer: soft internal structures, such as fetuses.
Rationale: Ultrasonography is a medical imaging technique that uses sound waves to visualize internal body structures. It is particularly effective for examining soft tissues like organs, blood vessels, and fetuses. Choice A is incorrect because bones are better visualized using techniques like X-rays. Choice B is incorrect as air-filled organs like lungs are not well visualized with ultrasound due to air being a poor conductor of sound waves. Choice D is incorrect since ultrasonography cannot visualize structures at a microscopic level, as it is used for larger internal structures.
2. A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for Atenolol. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse instruct the client to monitor?
- A. Tachycardia
- B. Hypoglycemia
- C. Bradycardia
- D. Hypertension
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Atenolol is a beta-blocker that can cause bradycardia as an adverse effect. The client should monitor their pulse regularly and report any significant decreases.
3. A client at 10 weeks of gestation reports frequent nausea and vomiting. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Eat high-protein foods.
- B. Lie down after meals.
- C. Drink water with meals.
- D. Eat dry carbohydrates before getting out of bed.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: During early pregnancy, nausea and vomiting are common. Instructing the client to eat dry carbohydrates like crackers before getting out of bed can help alleviate these symptoms. This recommendation helps prevent an empty stomach, which can worsen nausea. High-protein foods (Choice A) may be harder to digest and could exacerbate nausea. Lying down after meals (Choice B) may increase gastric reflux and worsen symptoms. Drinking water with meals (Choice C) may make the client feel fuller, potentially worsening nausea.
4. Which of the following terms best describes the pain associated with appendicitis?
- A. Aching
- B. Fleeting
- C. Intermittent
- D. Steady
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Steady. The pain associated with appendicitis is typically constant and steady, especially in the lower right quadrant of the abdomen. It is not described as aching (choice A) because it is more persistent and severe than a dull ache. It is not fleeting (choice B) as appendicitis pain tends to worsen over time. It is also not intermittent (choice C) as the pain is continuous and does not come and go.
5. A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who is prescribed acetaminophen for pain. Which of the following lab values should the nurse monitor to identify an adverse effect of the medication?
- A. Serum glucose
- B. Serum creatinine
- C. Serum potassium
- D. Serum bilirubin
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Serum creatinine. Acetaminophen is metabolized by the liver, so serum creatinine levels should be monitored for potential hepatotoxicity. Monitoring serum creatinine can help detect liver damage, a potential adverse effect of acetaminophen. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because serum glucose is not directly affected by acetaminophen, serum potassium is not typically monitored for acetaminophen adverse effects, and serum bilirubin is more related to bile metabolism rather than acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity.
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