Nursing Elites

1. The parent of a child newly diagnosed with lactose intolerance is being taught by the nurse. Which food items identified by the parent indicate an understanding of foods to avoid?

• A. Popcorn, seeds, and any foods containing nuts.
• B. Milk, cheese, ice cream, and puddings.
• C. Wheat, rye, barley, and commercially baked goods.
• D. Eggs, ham, bacon, and canned meats.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Milk, cheese, ice cream, and puddings contain lactose, which individuals with lactose intolerance should avoid. Choices A, C, and D do not contain lactose and are not typically problematic for individuals with lactose intolerance.

2. Which of the following nursing interventions is appropriate after a total thyroidectomy?

• A. Place pillows under your patient’s shoulders.
• B. Raise the knee-gatch to 30 degrees
• C. Keep you patient in a high-fowler’s position.
• D. Support the patient’s head and neck with pillows and sandbags.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Understanding the underlying pathology and therapeutic techniques ensures that nursing care is not only reactive but also preventative, reducing the risk of complications.

3. A healthcare professional is preparing to remove a client’s clogged NG tube prior to re-inserting a new tube. Which of the following actions should the healthcare professional take first?

• A. Assist the client in blowing their nose.
• B. Ask the client to take a deep breath and hold it.
• C. Pinch the proximal end of the tube.
• D. Disconnect the tube from the suction source.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Correct Answer: Disconnecting the tube from the suction source is the first step in safely removing a clogged NG tube. This action helps prevent any suction-related complications and ensures a smooth transition when removing the tube. Choice A, assisting the client to blow their nose, is not necessary in this situation. Choice B, asking the client to take a deep breath and hold it, is unrelated to the process of removing a clogged NG tube. Choice C, pinching the proximal end of the tube, should only be done after disconnecting the tube from the suction source to prevent the contents from leaking.

4. To ensure client safety before starting blood transfusions, the following are needed before the procedure can be done EXCEPT:

• A. take baseline vital signs
• B. warm the blood to room temperature for 30 minutes before administering the transfusion
• C. have two nurses verify client identification, blood type, unit number, and expiration date of blood
• D. get consent signed for blood transfusion

Correct answer: D

Rationale: To ensure client safety before starting blood transfusions, taking baseline vital signs, warming the blood to room temperature, and having two nurses verify client identification, blood type, unit number, and expiration date of blood are crucial steps. Consent for blood transfusion is required but is typically obtained before the procedure. The focus before the procedure should be on confirming the right client, blood product, and ensuring the blood is prepared correctly to minimize risks of transfusion reactions.

5. Which breakfast items indicate an understanding of foods high in antioxidants A and C?

• A. Fried eggs, sausage, and whole wheat toast
• B. Oatmeal with blueberries and coffee
• C. Cereal with strawberries and low-fat milk
• D. Hard-boiled eggs, cantaloupe, and orange juice

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Hard-boiled eggs, cantaloupe, and orange juice. Cantaloupe and orange juice are rich in vitamins A and C, which are known for their antioxidant properties. Choice A is incorrect because fried eggs, sausage, and whole wheat toast do not contain high levels of antioxidants A and C. Choice B is incorrect because, while blueberries are high in antioxidants, coffee does not provide significant amounts of vitamins A and C. Choice C is incorrect because, although strawberries are a good source of vitamin C, low-fat milk does not contribute significantly to vitamins A and C.

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