Nursing Elites

1. When should the nurse instruct parents to administer a daily proton pump inhibitor to their child with gastroesophageal reflux?

• A. At bedtime
• B. With a meal
• C. Midmorning
• D. 30 minutes before breakfast

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) like omeprazole or lansoprazole are most effective when given 30 minutes before breakfast. This timing allows the medication to inhibit the proton pumps in the stomach that produce acid, providing better symptom control throughout the day. Administering the PPI at bedtime (choice A) may not be as effective as giving it before breakfast due to the timing of peak acid production during the day. Giving it with a meal (choice B) might affect the absorption and effectiveness of the medication. Midmorning administration (choice C) is not the recommended time for optimal PPI efficacy.

2. In terms of gross motor development, what should the nurse expect an infant age 5 months to do?

• A. Sit erect without support
• B. Roll from the back to the abdomen
• C. Turn from the abdomen to the back
• D. Move from a prone to a sitting position

Correct answer: C

Rationale: At 5 months, infants typically can turn from their abdomen to their back. Rolling from back to abdomen and sitting erect without support occur later.

3. The nurse is teaching parents about the effects of media on childhood obesity. The nurse realizes the parents understand the teaching if they make which statements? (Select all that apply.)

• A. Advertising of unhealthy food can increase snacking
• B. Increased screen time may be related to unhealthy sleep
• C. There is a link between the amount of screen time and obesity
• D. All of the above

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Increased screen time is associated with unhealthy habits, such as poor sleep and snacking, which contribute to obesity, but it does not necessarily improve nutrition knowledge.

4. At which age does an infant start to recognize familiar faces and objects, such as his or her own hand?

• A. 1 month
• B. 2 months
• C. 3 months
• D. 4 months

Correct answer: C

Rationale: By 3 months, infants begin to recognize familiar faces and objects, such as their own hands. This marks the early stages of visual recognition and cognitive development.

5. The parents of a 4-month-old infant tell the nurse that they are getting a microwave oven and will be able to heat the baby’s formula faster. What should the nurse recommend?

• A. Heat only 8 oz or more.
• B. Do not heat a plastic bottle in a microwave oven.
• C. Leave the bottle top uncovered to allow heat to escape.
• D. Shake the bottle vigorously for at least 30 seconds after heating.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Heating formula in a plastic bottle in the microwave can cause uneven heating and release harmful chemicals from the plastic.

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