ATI RN
Nursing Care of Children Final ATI
1. What is an important intervention in providing a neutral thermal environment for an LBW infant in an incubator?
- A. Use wool blankets.
- B. Avoid using disposable diapers.
- C. Prevent heat loss.
- D. Closely monitor both incubator and rectal temperatures.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Preventing heat loss in a low birth weight (LBW) infant is crucial in maintaining a neutral thermal environment. The use of cotton blankets is recommended over wool blankets. Avoiding disposable diapers is not directly related to maintaining a neutral thermal environment. While monitoring temperatures is important, the key intervention is preventing heat loss to ensure the infant's survival.
2. The nurse is caring for a child with sickle cell anemia with the following order: Morphine Sulfate 2 mg IV every 24 hours. Morphine Sulfate is available in 10 mg/1mL. How many mL should the nurse administer?
- A. 0.2 mL
- B. 0.5 mL
- C. 1 mL
- D. 2 mL
Correct answer: A
Rationale: To administer 2 mg of Morphine Sulfate when the concentration is 10 mg/mL, the nurse should administer 0.2 mL (2 mg / 10 mg/mL = 0.2 mL). Choice B, 0.5 mL, is incorrect because it is the result of dividing 2 mg by 4 mg/mL instead of 10 mg/mL. Choice C, 1 mL, is incorrect as it would be the result of dividing 2 mg by 2 mg/mL. Choice D, 2 mL, is incorrect as it would be the result of dividing 2 mg by 1 mg/mL.
3. Which information about hemophilia will the nurse include in the teaching plan for the parents of a child diagnosed with hemophilia?
- A. Autosomal dominant disorder in which the blood clotting factors are deficient.
- B. X-linked recessive inherited disorder in which blood clotting factors are deficient.
- C. X-linked recessive inherited disorder involving decreased platelets causing prolonged bleeding.
- D. Autosomal recessive disorder in which the blood clotting factors are deficient.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hemophilia is an X-linked recessive disorder, primarily affecting males and passed from mothers to sons. It involves a deficiency in clotting factors, leading to prolonged bleeding. Choice A is incorrect as hemophilia is not autosomal dominant. Choice C is incorrect as hemophilia does not involve platelets. Choice D is incorrect as hemophilia is not autosomal recessive.
4. What is the most effective way to prevent sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)?
- A. Use a firm mattress
- B. Place the baby on their back to sleep
- C. Keep the room warm
- D. Breastfeed exclusively
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is to place the baby on their back to sleep. This position is the most effective way to prevent sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) according to research and recommendations from healthcare providers. Choice A, using a firm mattress, is important for infant safety but not as directly related to preventing SIDS. Keeping the room warm, as mentioned in choice C, is not recommended as it may increase the risk of SIDS. While breastfeeding has many benefits, choice D, breastfeeding exclusively is not the most effective method for preventing SIDS.
5. How is masturbation in the pre-school child viewed?
- A. Abnormal behavior that needs to be dealt with immediately
- B. Disruptive to the family
- C. Normal behavior that can best be dealt with by ignoring and providing distraction
- D. Embarrassing to the parents
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Masturbation in preschool children is a normal behavior as they explore their bodies. It is best viewed as a natural part of development. Parents are often advised to ignore it and provide distractions rather than making the child feel ashamed or embarrassed. Choice A is incorrect because it is a natural behavior and not considered abnormal in this context. Choice B is incorrect as it does not necessarily disrupt the family. Choice D is incorrect as the focus should be on the child's development and well-being, not on the parents' feelings of embarrassment.