the most important negative ion in intracellular fluid is

ATI RN

ATI Fluid and Electrolytes

1. Which negative ion is most important in intracellular fluid?

A. Phosphate ions.
B. Protein molecules.
C. Chlorine.
D. Phosphate ions and protein molecules.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Intracellular fluid contains phosphate ions and protein molecules as essential anions. Phosphate ions play a crucial role in various cellular processes, including energy transfer. Proteins, being large molecules with negative charges, also contribute significantly to the negative ion concentration within cells. Chlorine is primarily an extracellular anion and is not as prominent as phosphate ions and proteins within intracellular fluid, making it a less important negative ion in this context. Therefore, the correct answer is D because both phosphate ions and protein molecules are crucial negative ions in intracellular fluid.

2. The nurse in the medical ICU is caring for a patient who is in respiratory acidosis due to inadequate ventilation. What diagnosis could the patient have that could cause inadequate ventilation?

A. Endocarditis
B. Multiple myeloma
C. Guillain-Barr syndrome
D. Overdose of amphetamines

Correct answer: C

Rationale:

3. What is the main water-holding force in the blood capillaries?

A. Capillary blood pressure
B. Sodium in the blood plasma
C. Protein in the blood plasma
D. Chloride in the blood plasma

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Protein in the blood plasma. Plasma proteins, especially albumin, create oncotic pressure, which is the main force responsible for holding water within the blood capillaries. Capillary blood pressure (Choice A) is involved in pushing blood through the capillaries, while sodium and chloride in the blood plasma (Choices B and D) are electrolytes and do not play a significant role in the water-holding force within capillaries.

4. What fluid is found in spaces between the cells?

A. Intracellular fluid
B. Interstitial fluid
C. Plasma
D. Electrolyte

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, Interstitial fluid. Interstitial fluid is the fluid that surrounds and occupies the spaces between cells, providing them with nutrients and removing waste. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because intracellular fluid refers to fluid inside cells, plasma refers to the liquid component of blood, and electrolyte refers to substances that dissociate into ions in solution, affecting fluid balance but not specifically found in spaces between cells.