ATI RN
ATI Fluid Electrolyte and Acid-Base Regulation
1. A client at risk for developing hyperkalemia states, 'I love fruit and usually eat it every day, but now I can't because of my high potassium level.' How should the nurse respond?
- A. Potatoes and avocados can be substituted for fruit.
- B. If you cook the fruit, the amount of potassium will be lower.
- C. Berries, cherries, apples, and peaches are low in potassium.
- D. You are correct. Fruit is very high in potassium.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Berries, cherries, apples, and peaches are indeed low in potassium, making them suitable choices for someone at risk for hyperkalemia. Choice A is incorrect because potatoes and avocados are high in potassium and should be avoided in this situation. Choice B is incorrect because cooking fruit does not significantly lower its potassium content. Choice D is incorrect as it provides incorrect information, as not all fruits are very high in potassium.
2. A gerontologic nurse is teaching students about the high incidence and prevalence of dehydration in older adults. What factors contribute to this phenomenon? Select all that do not apply.
- A. Decreased kidney mass
- B. Decreased renal blood flow
- C. Decreased excretion of potassium
- D. Increased conservation of sodium
Correct answer: D
Rationale:
3. You are caring for a patient admitted with a diagnosis of acute kidney injury. When you review your patients most recent laboratory reports, you note that the patients magnesium levels are high. You should prioritize assessment for which of the followin
- A. Diminished deep tendon reflexes
- B. Tachycardia
- C. Cool, clammy skin
- D. Acute flank pain
Correct answer: A
Rationale:
4. What would be the best initial nursing action prior to inserting an IV?
- A. Instruct the patient to wash their hands.
- B. Prepare the IV insertion site with povidone iodine.
- C. Verify the order for IV therapy.
- D. Identify a suitable vein.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The best initial nursing action prior to inserting an IV is to verify the order for IV therapy. This step ensures that the IV insertion is appropriate and necessary based on the physician's orders. Instructing the patient to wash their hands (Choice A) is important for infection control but not the immediate priority before IV insertion. While preparing the IV insertion site with povidone iodine (Choice B) and identifying a suitable vein (Choice D) are crucial steps in the process, confirming the order for IV therapy (Choice C) takes precedence to ensure the correct intervention is being performed.
5. Which condition can result from prolonged vomiting or diarrhea?
- A. Intracellular fluid
- B. Interstitial fluid
- C. Dehydration
- D. Electrolyte
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Dehydration. Prolonged vomiting or diarrhea can lead to significant fluid loss, causing dehydration. Intracellular fluid (choice A) and interstitial fluid (choice B) refer to specific compartments of body fluid and are not conditions resulting from vomiting or diarrhea. Electrolytes (choice D) are minerals that help maintain fluid balance in the body but are not the condition directly resulting from prolonged vomiting or diarrhea.
Similar Questions
Access More Features
ATI RN Basic
$69.99/ 30 days
- 5,000 Questions with answers
- All ATI courses Coverage
- 30 days access
ATI RN Premium
$149.99/ 90 days
- 5,000 Questions with answers
- All ATI courses Coverage
- 30 days access