ATI RN
Nutrition ATI Proctored Exam
1. The major determinant of a person's total cholesterol levels is the amount of cholesterol in their diet.
- A. True
- B. False
- C.
- D.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: It is false that the major determinant of a person's total cholesterol levels is the amount of cholesterol in their diet. While dietary cholesterol can have some impact on total cholesterol levels, it is not the major determinant. The amount and types of fats consumed, particularly saturated and trans fats, have a more significant impact on blood cholesterol levels. Therefore, a diet high in these types of fats can lead to high cholesterol, irrespective of the amount of dietary cholesterol consumed. This is why it is essential to maintain a balanced diet with a limited intake of saturated and trans fats.
2. A client is admitted for a surgical procedure. Which of the following preexisting conditions can be a contraindication for the use of Ketamine as an intravenous anesthetic?
- A. Peptic ulcer disease
- B. Breast cancer
- C. Diabetes mellitus
- D. Schizophrenia
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Ketamine is known to produce psychological effects, such as hallucinations. Therefore, individuals with schizophrenia are at increased risk of experiencing exacerbation of their symptoms if given Ketamine, making it a contraindication for its use as an intravenous anesthetic. Peptic ulcer disease, breast cancer, and diabetes mellitus are not contraindications for Ketamine use as an intravenous anesthetic.
3. A nurse in an emergency department is caring for a client who reports cocaine use 1hr ago. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
- A. Hypotension
- B. Memory loss
- C. Slurred speech
- D. Elevated temperature
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Elevated temperature. Cocaine is a stimulant drug that can lead to an increase in body temperature. Hypotension (choice A) is less likely as cocaine tends to increase blood pressure. Memory loss (choice B) and slurred speech (choice C) are not typically immediate effects of recent cocaine use.
4. A patient who is undergoing consolidation therapy for the treatment of leukemia has been experiencing debilitating fatigue. How can the nurse best meet this patients needs for physical activity?
- A. Teach the patient about the risks of immobility and the benefits of exercise.
- B. Assist the patient to a chair during awake times, as tolerated.
- C. Collaborate with the physical therapist to arrange for stair exercises.
- D. Teach the patient to perform deep breathing and coughing exercises.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: For patients undergoing consolidation therapy for leukemia, severe fatigue is a common side effect of treatment due to factors such as anemia, decreased nutritional intake, and the body’s response to chemotherapy. While exercise is beneficial, the patient's fatigue may limit their ability to engage in strenuous activity. Assisting the patient to sit in a chair during awake times is a practical way to encourage some physical activity while respecting their fatigue levels. This intervention helps prevent complications associated with immobility, such as muscle atrophy and venous stasis, without overwhelming the patient. It allows the patient to engage in light activity that is manageable and promotes recovery.
5. What do the clinical manifestations of minimal change nephrotic syndrome include?
- A. Hematuria, bacteriuria, and weight gain
- B. Gross hematuria, albuminuria, and fever
- C. Hypertension, weight loss, and proteinuria
- D. Massive proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, and edema
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Minimal change nephrotic syndrome is characterized by massive proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, and edema due to the loss of protein in the urine. Hematuria, bacteriuria, and weight loss are not typical features of this condition.