Nursing Elites

1. The law which regulated the practice of nursing profession in the Philippines is:

• A. R.A 9173
• B. LOI 949
• C. Patient’s Bill of Rights
• D. Code of Ethics for Nurses

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Patient safety and efficacy of care depend on actions rooted in established nursing protocols that consider both the immediate and long-term needs of the patient.

2. Mario listens to Richard’s bilateral sounds and finds that congestion is in the upper lobes of the lungs. The appropriate position to drain the anterior and posterior apical segments of the lungs when Mario does percussion would be:

• A. Client lying on his back then flat on his abdomen on Trendelenburg position
• B. Client seated upright in bed or on a chair then leaning forward in sitting position then flat on his back and on his
• C. Client lying flat on his back and then flat on his abdomen
• D. Client lying on his right then left side on Trendelenburg position

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Proper patient positioning is essential for maximizing lung expansion and promoting the drainage of secretions. Postural drainage techniques rely on gravity to help clear different lung segments, which is critical in preventing complications such as atelectasis or pneumonia in immobilized patients.

3. Which food has the highest calcium content?

• A. soy products
• B. milk
• C. cereal grains
• D. dark green vegetables

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, milk. Milk is known for being one of the best dietary sources of calcium, essential for bone health and various bodily functions. Soy products, cereal grains, and dark green vegetables are good sources of calcium as well, but milk generally has a higher calcium content compared to these options.

4. After cleaning the abrasions and applying antiseptic, the nurse applies a cold compress to the swollen ankle as ordered by the physician. This statement shows that the nurse has a correct understanding of the use of a cold compress:

• A. Cold compress reduces blood viscosity in the affected area
• B. It is safer to apply than a hot compress
• C. Cold compress prevents edema and reduces pain
• D. It eliminates toxic waste products due to vasodilation

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct understanding of using a cold compress includes knowing that it helps prevent edema and reduces pain. Cold application constricts blood vessels, reducing blood flow to the area, which helps decrease swelling and pain. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because cold compresses do not directly affect blood viscosity, safety compared to hot compresses, or eliminate toxic waste products due to vasodilation. It is essential for nurses to have a clear understanding of the rationale behind interventions to provide effective patient care.

5. Which of the following suggestions is the healthiest for Miguel, who is always hungry and never seems to feel full despite eating enough calories?

• A. Switch out energy-dense foods with more nutrient-dense foods that are more likely to make him feel full
• B. Drink adequate amounts of water
• C. A, B
• D. Eat foods with more fat, as fat slows gastric emptying and will make him feel more full

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is A and B. Switching to more nutrient-dense foods can help Miguel feel full despite eating enough calories. Nutrient-dense foods provide essential nutrients and are more satisfying. Drinking adequate water is also crucial for overall health and can help with feelings of fullness. Choice D is incorrect because while fat can contribute to satiety, it should be consumed in balance with other nutrients. Consuming foods with high fat content excessively may lead to other health issues and does not address the underlying problem of feeling constantly hungry despite eating.

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