Nursing Elites

1. In monitoring the patient in PACU, the nurse correctly identifies that checking the patient's vital signs is done every:

• A. 1 hour
• B. 5 minutes
• C. 15 minutes
• D. 30 minutes

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Correct Answer: A - Vital signs monitoring in the PACU (Post-Anesthesia Care Unit) is typically done every hour to closely monitor the patient's condition during the immediate postoperative period. This frequency allows the nurse to promptly identify any changes in the patient's vital signs and intervene as necessary. Choice B (5 minutes) is too frequent for routine vital signs monitoring in the PACU and may not allow for a comprehensive assessment of the patient's stability. Choice C (15 minutes) and Choice D (30 minutes) are also not in line with the standard practice of vital signs monitoring in the PACU, which is typically hourly.

2. Select all that apply. You are interested in learning about the effect of eating diet soft drinks on your health. Your internet search leads you to a website with the ending .com, which tells you that diet soft drinks contain sugar alcohols that can cause harm. Which of the following actions are logical?

• A. notice if there are any ads on the page that suggest conflicts of interest
• B. read about consuming diet soft drinks in the dietary guidelines for Americans
• C. visit a more credible website and compare information
• D. all of the above

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Logical steps include evaluating the credibility of the website, reading official guidelines, comparing information from credible sources, and verifying the author's qualifications.

3. What is the glomerular filtration rate for patients with stage 5 chronic kidney disease (CKD)?

• A. Less than 15 mL/min/1.73 m²
• B. Less than 30 mL/min/1.73 m²
• C. Less than 90 mL/min/1.73 m²
• D. Less than 125 mL/min/1.73 m²

Correct answer: A

Rationale: In patients with stage 5 chronic kidney disease (CKD), also known as end-stage renal disease, the kidney function is significantly compromised. This severe condition is characterized by a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of less than 15 mL/min/1.73 m², as correctly stated in choice A. Choices B, C, and D suggest higher GFR values, which are not indicative of stage 5 CKD. Specifically, a GFR of less than 30 mL/min/1.73 m² indicates stage 4 CKD, less than 90 mL/min/1.73 m² signifies stage 3 CKD, and a typical healthy individual usually has a GFR of around 125 mL/min/1.73 m², which is far above the GFR for stage 5 CKD.

4. What is the term for mobilizing people to become aware of their own problems and to take action to solve them?

• A. Community Organizing
• B. Family Nursing Care Plan
• C. Nursing Intervention
• D. Nursing Process

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is Community Organizing. This involves engaging and mobilizing individuals in a community or group to take action for the mutual benefit or to solve common problems. The options 'Family Nursing Care Plan', 'Nursing Intervention', and 'Nursing Process' are incorrect as these terms refer to specific nursing practices and methods, not the broader action of mobilizing and engaging a community to solve its own problems. Moreover, the provided rationale does not match the original question and correct answer. It instead describes the proactive and preventative nature of nursing care, which is unrelated to the concept of community organizing.

5. Which food is a reliable source of B12 for a pregnant vegan client?

• A. Soybeans
• B. Algae
• C. Fortified soy milk
• D. Sea vegetables

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Fortified soy milk is a reliable source of vitamin B12 for pregnant vegan clients as it is usually enriched with this vitamin. The other options, while nutritious, are not reliable sources of B12 for vegans. Soybeans may not provide enough B12, algae contains B12 analogs that the human body cannot utilize, and the B12 content in sea vegetables can fluctuate, potentially not providing the necessary daily intake.

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