an investigator who conducts an experiment to determine how temperature changes affect the rate at which the heart beats is most likely an

ATI RN

ATI Anatomy and Physiology Online Practice

1. An investigator who conducts an experiment to determine how temperature changes affect the rate at which the heart beats is most likely a(n)

A. anatomist.
B. physiologist.
C. chemist.
D. biochemist.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is 'physiologist.' A physiologist studies how the body functions under normal and abnormal conditions, including how temperature changes can affect physiological processes like heart rate. An anatomist focuses on the structure of organisms rather than their functions, making choice A incorrect. Choices C and D are also incorrect as they are more related to the study of chemicals and biochemistry, which are not directly relevant to investigating the effects of temperature on heart rate.

2. What is homeostasis?

A. The inability to keep body weight within normal limits.
B. Room temperature decreasing because a window is open.
C. Ingestion of more food than needed.
D. The tendency of the body to maintain a stable internal environment.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Homeostasis refers to the body's ability to maintain a stable internal environment despite external changes. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. Choice A describes obesity, choice B describes a specific scenario with room temperature, and choice C refers to overeating, which is not related to homeostasis.

3. Which of the following statements is true concerning the female reproductive system?

A. It produces female sex cells.
B. It transports the female sex cells.
C. It can support the development of an embryo.
D. All of the above

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is 'All of the above.' The female reproductive system produces female sex cells (eggs), transports them through the fallopian tubes, and can support the development of an embryo through the uterus. Choice A is correct because the ovaries produce eggs, choice B is correct as the fallopian tubes transport the eggs, and choice C is correct as the uterus provides the environment for the embryo to develop. Therefore, all of these statements are true regarding the female reproductive system.

4. Which of the following structures of the gastrointestinal system absorbs iron and bile salts?

A. Ileum
B. Jejunum
C. Colon
D. Duodenum

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is the Ileum. The Ileum is the final section of the small intestine where the absorption of key nutrients such as iron and bile salts occurs. The Jejunum mainly absorbs nutrients like carbohydrates and proteins, while the Duodenum primarily facilitates the absorption of minerals and vitamins. The Colon's main function is to absorb water and electrolytes, not iron and bile salts. Therefore, choices B, C, and D are incorrect.

5. In negative feedback mechanisms, changes away from the normal state

A. stimulate changes in the same direction
B. inhibit all body reactions
C. stimulate changes in the opposite direction
D. stimulate a reduction in all body requirements

Correct answer: C

Rationale: In negative feedback mechanisms, changes away from the normal state stimulate changes in the opposite direction. This is a fundamental concept in biological systems where the response to a stimulus opposes the initial change, helping to maintain homeostasis. Choice A is incorrect because negative feedback does not stimulate changes in the same direction. Choice B is incorrect because negative feedback does not inhibit all body reactions, but rather specific responses. Choice D is incorrect because negative feedback does not stimulate a reduction in all body requirements, but rather adjusts specific functions to restore balance.