Nursing Elites

1. Reproduction is the change in body characteristics over time.

• A. TRUE
• B. FALSE
• C. Not Sure
• D. None of the above

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Reproduction is the process by which living organisms produce offspring of the same kind. It is not related to changes in body characteristics over time. Therefore, the statement is false. Choices C and D are also incorrect as they do not align with the definition of reproduction.

2. What is the main function of the digestive system?

• A. Formation of cells
• B. Movement of body parts
• C. Absorption of nutrients
• D. Providing oxygen for the extraction of energy from nutrients

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Absorption of nutrients. The main function of the digestive system is to break down food into nutrients that can be absorbed by the body to provide energy and support bodily functions. Choice A, 'Formation of cells,' is incorrect as cell formation is not the primary function of the digestive system; it is more related to processes like cell division and growth. Choice B, 'Movement of body parts,' is incorrect as this is more related to the muscular system, which controls body movements. Choice D, 'Providing oxygen for the extraction of energy from nutrients,' is incorrect because providing oxygen is primarily the function of the respiratory system, which is responsible for breathing and oxygen exchange in the body, not the digestive system.

3. Which of the following structures of the gastrointestinal system absorbs iron and bile salts?

• A. Ileum
• B. Jejunum
• C. Colon
• D. Duodenum

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is the Ileum. The Ileum is the final section of the small intestine where the absorption of key nutrients such as iron and bile salts occurs. The Jejunum mainly absorbs nutrients like carbohydrates and proteins, while the Duodenum primarily facilitates the absorption of minerals and vitamins. The Colon's main function is to absorb water and electrolytes, not iron and bile salts. Therefore, choices B, C, and D are incorrect.

4. What effect does aldosterone secretion have on electrolyte levels?

• A. Calcium levels are decreased
• B. Sodium levels are increased
• C. Potassium levels are increased
• D. Magnesium levels are decreased

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Aldosterone is a hormone that primarily acts on the kidneys to increase the reabsorption of sodium and water into the bloodstream. As a result, sodium levels are increased. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Aldosterone does not significantly affect calcium, potassium, or magnesium levels.

5. Metabolism refers to all of the chemical reactions in an organism that support life. Is this statement true?

• A. True
• B. False
• C. Not Sure
• D. None of the above

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The statement is true. Metabolism indeed refers to all of the chemical reactions in an organism that support life. It is essential for various processes in the body, including converting food into energy, building and repairing tissues, and eliminating waste products. Choice B is incorrect because metabolism does encompass all chemical reactions that sustain life. Choice C is incorrect as the definition of metabolism is clear. Choice D is incorrect as the statement provided is true.

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