ATI RN
ATI Nutrition Practice Test A 2019
1. When is infertility said to exist?
- A. When a woman has no uterus
- B. When a woman has no children
- C. When a couple has been trying to conceive for 1 year without success
- D. When a couple has desired a child for 6 months
Correct answer: C: When a couple has been trying to conceive for 1 year without success
Rationale: Infertility is defined as not being able to get pregnant despite having frequent, unprotected sex for at least a year for most couples. Therefore, the correct answer is C. A, B, and D are incorrect. While having no uterus (choice A) may result in infertility, it is not the sole determining factor. Similarly, not having children (choice B) does not automatically indicate infertility. Lastly, the time frame of 6 months (choice D) is not sufficient to determine infertility; typically, a year of trying without success is required for such a diagnosis.
2. The mechanism behind most CKD in patients without diabetes is mediated by:
- A. enzyme systems
- B. immune systems
- C. catabolic systems
- D. hormonal systems
Correct answer: B
Rationale: In non-diabetic patients, CKD is often mediated by immune system responses. Chronic inflammation triggered by immune system dysfunction can contribute to progressive kidney damage. Therefore, the correct answer is 'immune systems.' Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because CKD in non-diabetic patients is primarily associated with immune system abnormalities rather than enzyme, catabolic, or hormonal systems.
3. Which of the following statements is correct about MyPlate?
- A. Canned fruit can be considered part of the fruit group
- B. Soymilk is considered part of the dairy group
- C. Beans and peas are considered part of both the protein group and the vegetable group
- D. Cream cheese and butter are not part of the dairy group
Correct answer: C
Rationale: According to the MyPlate guide, beans and peas are classified as part of both the protein and vegetable groups due to their high protein content and the nutrients they share with vegetables. This makes Choice C correct. Choice A is incorrect as canned fruit can be part of the fruit group if it's canned in water or 100% fruit juice. Soymilk is considered part of the dairy group, making Choice B incorrect. While cream cheese and butter are dairy products, they are not part of the dairy group on MyPlate because they contain little to no calcium, making Choice D incorrect.
4. A client with frequent kidney stones is receiving dietary teaching from a nurse. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Limit your intake of dairy products.
- B. Increase your consumption of protein-rich foods.
- C. Avoid eating tree nuts, such as almonds.
- D. Take a vitamin C supplement twice daily.
Correct answer: A: Limit your intake of dairy products.
Rationale: The correct answer is to instruct the client to limit their intake of dairy products. Dairy products are high in calcium and can contribute to kidney stone formation in susceptible individuals. Increasing protein intake may lead to higher excretion of calcium, which can exacerbate kidney stone formation. While tree nuts are high in oxalates, which can contribute to kidney stone formation, it is not the primary concern in this case. Vitamin C supplements can increase oxalate levels in the urine, potentially increasing the risk of kidney stone formation, so it should not be recommended.
5. To prevent recurrent attacks on client with glomerulonephritis, the nurse instructs the client to:
- A. Take a shower instead of tub baths
- B. Avoid situations that involve physical activity
- C. Continue the same restriction on fluid intake
- D. Seek early treatment for respiratory infection
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Effective nursing care involves comprehensive assessments that address all aspects of a patient's condition, ensuring that interventions are appropriately targeted and outcomes are optimized.