ATI RN
ATI Nutrition Practice A
1. Select all that apply. Which of the following are true about protein digestion?
- A. the end products of protein digestion are amino acids
- B. protein/polypeptides are digested in the large intestine by trypsin
- C. A, D
- D. protein/polypeptides are digested in the stomach by pepsin
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Protein digestion begins in the stomach with the enzyme pepsin, which breaks down proteins into smaller polypeptides. The end products of protein digestion are amino acids.
2. Begins carb digestion in the mouth:
- A. pepsin
- B. salivary amylase
- C. CCK
- D. secretin
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Salivary amylase is the enzyme that begins the digestion of carbohydrates in the mouth by breaking down starches into simpler sugars.
3. Which vitamin deficiency is most likely to cause bleeding disorders?
- A. Vitamin A
- B. Vitamin E
- C. Vitamin K
- D. Vitamin D
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Vitamin K is essential for blood clotting as it plays a crucial role in the activation of clotting factors. Deficiency of Vitamin K can lead to impaired blood clotting, resulting in bleeding disorders. Vitamin A is more associated with vision and skin health, not blood clotting. Vitamin E is known for its antioxidant properties and role in immune function, not specifically related to bleeding disorders. Vitamin D plays a key role in calcium absorption and bone health, but it is not directly linked to blood clotting or bleeding disorders.
4. What would you do to increase the amount of iron absorbed from a meal?
- A. Drink plenty of coffee before each meal
- B. Avoid eating foods rich in vitamin C with the meal
- C. Eat a calcium-rich food with the meal
- D. Consume orange juice as a beverage with a meal
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: 'Consume orange juice as a beverage with a meal'. This is because Vitamin C significantly enhances the absorption of non-heme iron, a form of iron found in plant-based foods. Therefore, consuming orange juice, which is rich in vitamin C, with a meal can effectively increase iron absorption. On the contrary, choices A, B, and C are incorrect. Coffee (Choice A) contains polyphenols that can inhibit iron absorption. Avoiding vitamin C-rich foods (Choice B) would decrease iron absorption, not increase it. While calcium (Choice C) is essential for many bodily processes, it can actually inhibit iron absorption when consumed together.
5. Which of the following best represents the goal of reflective listening?
- A. Repeating what the patient says
- B. Informing using direct advice
- C. Keeping the patient talking
- D. Warning the patient
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. The goal of reflective listening is to keep the patient talking, allowing them to express their thoughts and concerns fully. Choice A, 'Repeating what the patient says,' is incorrect as reflective listening involves paraphrasing or summarizing rather than verbatim repetition. Choice B, 'Informing using direct advice,' is incorrect because reflective listening focuses on understanding the patient's perspective rather than providing direct advice. Choice D, 'Warning the patient,' is also incorrect as reflective listening aims to create a safe and open environment for the patient to share without feeling judged or warned.