one of the most common factors that compromise vitamin d status of older adults particularly those living in assisted living communities is

ATI RN

Proctored Nutrition ATI

1. One of the most common factors that compromise the vitamin D status of older adults, particularly those living in assisted living communities is _____.

A. decreased intake of fruits and vegetables
B. lack of physical activity
C. malabsorption due to atrophic gastritis
D. lack of exposure to sunlight

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is 'D: lack of exposure to sunlight.' Older adults, especially those in assisted living communities, are at risk of vitamin D deficiency due to spending most of their time indoors, which reduces their exposure to sunlight. Sunlight is essential for the body to produce vitamin D. Choices A, B, and C are less likely to be major factors in compromising vitamin D status. While a decreased intake of fruits and vegetables and lack of physical activity can impact overall health, they are not as directly related to vitamin D status. Malabsorption due to atrophic gastritis may affect the absorption of certain nutrients, but vitamin D synthesis primarily depends on sunlight exposure.

2. Because of increasing cases of fluorosis, low levels of fluoride are added to commercial infant formula. Breast milk provides low levels of fluoride.

A. Both statements are true
B. Both statements are false
C. The first statement is true; the second is false
D. The first statement is false; the second is true

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The first statement is false; fluoride is not added to infant formulas due to the risk of fluorosis. The second statement is true; breast milk contains low levels of fluoride.

3. What are the manifestations of nephrotic syndrome?

A. Dehydration
B. Uremia
C. Infection
D. Low blood lipids

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Infection is a common manifestation of nephrotic syndrome. This is due to the loss of immunoglobulins in the urine, which weakens the body's immune defenses. Dehydration (Choice A) and uremia (Choice B) can be symptoms of kidney dysfunction but are not specific manifestations of nephrotic syndrome. Low blood lipids (Choice D) is incorrect as nephrotic syndrome typically results in high, not low, blood lipid levels due to the body's attempt to replace lost proteins.

4. All of the following are instructions for proper foot care to be given to a client with peripheral vascular disease caused by diabetes. Which one is not?

A. Trim nails using a nail clipper
B. Apply cornstarch to the foot
C. Always check the temperature of the water before bathing
D. Use canvas shoes

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is 'A', which says trim nails using a nail clipper. This is incorrect because patients with peripheral vascular disease, particularly those caused by diabetes, should not trim their nails themselves due to the risk of injury, infection, and poor wound healing. The other options, 'B', 'C', and 'D', are correct advice for diabetic foot care. Applying cornstarch can help keep the feet dry and prevent fungal infections. Checking the water temperature before bathing can prevent burns, as patients with peripheral vascular disease often have decreased sensation in their feet. Wearing canvas shoes can improve foot ventilation and reduce the risk of foot ulcers and infections.