ATI RN
ATI Community Health Proctored Exam 2019
1. Which term refers to the personal characteristics and risks of a group within a community?
- A. Aggregate of people
- B. Location in space and time
- C. Social system
- D. Census tract
Correct answer: A
Rationale: An aggregate of people refers to a group within a community that shares common personal characteristics and risks. This term is used to describe a specific dimension of a community focusing on the characteristics and risks of a group rather than geographical or structural aspects (choices B, C, and D). Therefore, the correct answer is 'Aggregate of people.'
2. A client is receiving heparin therapy. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse monitor to evaluate the effectiveness of the therapy?
- A. PT
- B. aPTT
- C. INR
- D. Platelet count
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The corrected answer is B: aPTT. The activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) is the laboratory value used to monitor the effectiveness of heparin therapy. The aPTT should be maintained at 1.5 to 2 times the normal level to ensure therapeutic anticoagulation. Monitoring aPTT helps healthcare providers adjust heparin doses to achieve the desired anticoagulant effects and prevent complications such as bleeding or clotting. Choice A, PT (prothrombin time), is used to monitor warfarin therapy, not heparin. Choice C, INR (international normalized ratio), is also used to monitor warfarin therapy. Choice D, platelet count, is important for assessing the risk of bleeding, but it does not directly monitor the effectiveness of heparin therapy.
3. What is the primary concern for a patient with a CD4 T-cell count below 180 cells/mm³?
- A. Increased risk of severe infection
- B. Increased risk of anemia
- C. Increased risk of bleeding
- D. Increased risk of dehydration
Correct answer: A
Rationale: A CD4 T-cell count below 180 cells/mm³ indicates a severely immunocompromised state, leading to an increased risk of severe infection. In individuals with low CD4 counts, the immune system is significantly weakened, making them more susceptible to opportunistic infections. Anemia (choice B), bleeding (choice C), and dehydration (choice D) are not the primary concerns associated with a low CD4 T-cell count. While these conditions may occur as secondary effects or complications, the primary focus is on preventing and managing severe infections in patients with severely compromised immune systems.
4. A parent of a child with cerebral palsy is being taught about home care by a healthcare provider. Which statement by the parent indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I will perform range-of-motion exercises twice a day.
- B. I will apply a heating pad on my child's legs to reduce spasms.
- C. I will allow my child to rest in a recliner for 1 hour each day.
- D. I will use wrist splints to maintain alignment.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Using wrist splints can help maintain alignment and prevent contractures in a child with cerebral palsy. This intervention is crucial in managing the condition and supporting the child's mobility and function.
5. What do the clinical manifestations of minimal change nephrotic syndrome include?
- A. Hematuria, bacteriuria, and weight gain
- B. Gross hematuria, albuminuria, and fever
- C. Hypertension, weight loss, and proteinuria
- D. Massive proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, and edema
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Minimal change nephrotic syndrome is characterized by massive proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, and edema due to the loss of protein in the urine. Hematuria, bacteriuria, and weight loss are not typical features of this condition.
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