Nursing Elites

1. The appropriate order of steps in active management of the third stage of labor include:

• A. Cord clamping and cutting, controlled cord traction, ergometrine administration, and inspection to be sure the placenta is intact.
• B. Intravenous oxytocin, cord clamping and cutting, and fundal massage
• C. Intramuscular injection oxytocin, controlled cord traction with counter traction to the uterus, uterine massage
• D. Controlled cord traction, fundal massage and oxytocin

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Intramuscular injection of oxytocin, controlled cord traction with counter traction to the uterus, and uterine massage are the appropriate steps in active management of the third stage of labor.

2. What action would promote health equity?

• A. Advocating for policy changes that address social determinants of health
• B. Providing direct care to underserved populations
• C. Conducting health education sessions
• D. Developing new health technologies

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Advocating for policy changes that address social determinants of health is a crucial strategy to promote health equity. By addressing systemic issues that contribute to health disparities, such as access to healthcare, education, and socioeconomic factors, it can help create a more equitable healthcare system and improve health outcomes for all individuals in the community.

3. What is the most effective method for preventing the spread of disease?

• A. Hand hygiene
• B. Vaccination
• C. Quarantine
• D. Use of personal protective equipment

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Hand hygiene is considered the most effective method for preventing the spread of diseases. Regular handwashing with soap and water for at least 20 seconds can help remove germs and reduce the risk of infections. While vaccination, quarantine, and the use of personal protective equipment are also important in disease control, hand hygiene is fundamental and easily accessible for everyone to practice in daily life.

4. Which level of care serves as a referral center for primary health facilities?

• A. Secondary level of care
• B. Tertiary level of care
• C. Primary level of care
• D. Intermediate level of care

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B - Tertiary level of care. Tertiary level of care is the highest level of care and serves as a referral center for primary health facilities, handling complex cases and providing specialized services that primary care facilities may not offer.

5. Who among the following individuals was involved in the discovery of anesthesia?

• A. Robert Koch
• B. William Morton
• C. Joseph Lister
• D. Sushruta

Correct answer: B

Rationale: William Morton was a dentist who was involved in the discovery of anesthesia. In 1846, Morton demonstrated the use of ether as a surgical anesthetic, leading to a significant advancement in medical practices. Robert Koch was a bacteriologist known for his work on anthrax and tuberculosis. Joseph Lister was a surgeon who introduced antiseptic surgical methods. Sushruta was an ancient Indian physician known for his contributions to the field of surgery.

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