Nursing Elites

1. Milk and other dairy products are preferred sources of calcium because lactose enhances calcium absorption.

• A. Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.
• B. Both the statement and the reason are correct but are not related.
• C. The statement is correct, but the reason is not correct.
• D. The statement is not correct, but the reason is correct.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Both the statement and the reason are correct and related. Milk and other dairy products are indeed preferred sources of calcium because they supply most of the available calcium. Additionally, lactose present in dairy products enhances calcium absorption, making them even more efficient sources of this essential mineral. The statement correctly identifies dairy products as preferred sources of calcium, and the reason explains how lactose contributes to better calcium absorption. The other choices are incorrect as they do not accurately assess the relationship between lactose, calcium absorption, and the preference for dairy products as sources of calcium.

2. The working phase in a therapy group is usually characterized by which of the following?

• A. Caution
• B. Cohesiveness
• C. Confusion
• D. Competition

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Understanding the underlying pathology and therapeutic techniques ensures that nursing care is not only reactive but also preventative, reducing the risk of complications.

3. A mother asks about healthy snacks for her three children under 4 years old. All are wise choices the dental hygienist can recommend, except one. Which is the exception?

• A. Low-fat milk or yogurt
• B. Whole-grain cereals
• C. Raw vegetable sticks
• D. Nuts and seeds

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Nuts and seeds pose a choking hazard for children under 4 years old, making them an unsafe snack choice for young children. While low-fat milk or yogurt, whole-grain cereals, and raw vegetable sticks are healthy snack options suitable for children under 4 years old, nuts and seeds should be avoided due to the risk of choking, especially in young children who may not have fully developed chewing abilities.

4. What is the most appropriate instruction to provide to the parent of a child who does not like a food item?

• A. The child should not be encouraged to try it again.
• B. The child should be offered a reward if they eat most of the food items.
• C. The child should be offered the item at least 8 times on different occasions.
• D. The child should be encouraged to eat at least 5 bites of the food item.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Encouraging repeated exposure to the food item can help the child develop a taste for it. Option A is incorrect as it suggests avoiding encouraging the child to try the food again, which may hinder their ability to develop a liking for it. Option B is incorrect as using rewards for eating may not promote a genuine interest in the food item. Option D is incorrect because setting a specific number of bites may create pressure and negativity around mealtime, rather than fostering a positive association with the food.

5. Plant stanols and sterols help to lower LDL cholesterol and are often added to which food product?

• A. margarine
• B. milk
• C. cereal
• D. yogurt

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Plant stanols and sterols are commonly added to margarine to help lower LDL cholesterol levels. Margarine acts as a vehicle for these compounds, making it easier for individuals to incorporate them into their daily diet. While milk, cereal, and yogurt are healthy food options, they are not typically enriched with plant stanols and sterols for cholesterol-lowering purposes, making them less likely candidates as the correct answer.

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