ATI RN
ATI Nutrition Proctored Exam
1. Milk and other dairy products are preferred sources of calcium because lactose enhances calcium absorption.
- A. Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.
- B. Both the statement and the reason are correct but are not related.
- C. The statement is correct, but the reason is not correct.
- D. The statement is not correct, but the reason is correct.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Both the statement and the reason are correct and related. Milk and other dairy products are indeed preferred sources of calcium because they supply most of the available calcium. Additionally, lactose present in dairy products enhances calcium absorption, making them even more efficient sources of this essential mineral. The statement correctly identifies dairy products as preferred sources of calcium, and the reason explains how lactose contributes to better calcium absorption. The other choices are incorrect as they do not accurately assess the relationship between lactose, calcium absorption, and the preference for dairy products as sources of calcium.
2. What is the best intervention for a patient with suspected deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?
- A. Administer anticoagulants
- B. Apply compression stockings
- C. Encourage ambulation
- D. Monitor oxygen saturation
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The best intervention for a patient with suspected deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is to administer anticoagulants. Anticoagulants help prevent further clot formation and reduce the risk of complications such as pulmonary embolism. Applying compression stockings can help manage symptoms but does not address the underlying issue of clot formation. Encouraging ambulation is beneficial for overall circulation but may not be sufficient to treat DVT. Monitoring oxygen saturation is important, but it is not the primary intervention for suspected DVT.
3. A client has a new prescription for Furosemide. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor?
- A. Hyperkalemia
- B. Hyponatremia
- C. Hypernatremia
- D. Hypercalcemia
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hyponatremia. Furosemide, a diuretic, commonly causes hyponatremia (low sodium levels) as it increases the excretion of sodium. The nurse needs to monitor the client for signs of hyponatremia, such as confusion, weakness, and muscle cramps, by checking electrolyte levels regularly. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because hyperkalemia (choice A), hypernatremia (choice C), and hypercalcemia (choice D) are not typically associated with Furosemide use.
4. When planning care for a client with vision loss, which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care to assist the client with feeding?
- A. Arrange food in a consistent pattern on the client's plate
- B. Thicken liquids on the client's tray
- C. Provide small-handled utensils for the client
- D. Assign a staff member to feed the client
Correct answer: A
Rationale: When a client has vision loss, arranging food in a consistent pattern on the plate can help them locate and identify different food items more easily. This intervention promotes independence and allows the client to feed themselves with greater ease. Thicking liquids on the tray, providing small-handled utensils, or assigning a staff member to feed the client may not directly address the client's need for assistance with feeding due to vision loss. Thicking liquids is more related to swallowing difficulties, providing small-handled utensils can be helpful for clients with limited dexterity, and assigning a staff member to feed the client may not promote independence.
5. A client informs the nurse that she has difficulty swallowing tablets and struggles with liquid or chewable medications due to taste. What medication should the nurse request a prescription for when preparing to administer Penicillin V to treat the client's streptococcal infection?
- A. Fosfomycin
- B. Amoxicillin
- C. Nafcillin
- D. Cefaclor
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Nafcillin is an appropriate alternative within the penicillin class for clients who have difficulty swallowing tablets or struggle with liquid or chewable medications. It is available for intramuscular (IM) or intravenous (IV) administration, offering options beyond oral formulations. Fosfomycin, Amoxicillin, and Cefaclor are not suitable alternatives for Penicillin V in this scenario as they belong to different classes of antibiotics and may not be as effective in treating streptococcal infections.
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