low levels of high density lipoproteins hdl are

ATI RN

Proctored Nutrition ATI

1. Low levels of high-density lipoproteins (HDL) are?

A. associated with being underweight
B. more prevalent in males
C. highly predictive of CHD risk
D. not a good predictor of CHD risk

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Low levels of HDL cholesterol are a strong predictor of coronary heart disease (CHD) risk because HDL helps to remove excess cholesterol from the bloodstream. Choice A is incorrect because low HDL levels are not associated with being underweight but rather with increased CHD risk. Choice B is incorrect as low HDL levels are not more prevalent in males but can affect both genders. Choice D is incorrect as low levels of HDL are indeed a good predictor of CHD risk.

2. In approximately what percentage of cases is the prevalence seen?

A. Type 1 Diabetes
B. Type 2 Diabetes
C. N/A
D. N/A

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, Type 1 Diabetes. The prevalence of Type 1 Diabetes is seen in approximately 5% to 10% of cases. This statement highlights a key epidemiological characteristic of Type 1 Diabetes. Choice B, Type 2 Diabetes, is incorrect because the prevalence mentioned does not align with Type 2 Diabetes, which has a much higher prevalence in the general population. Choices C and D are not relevant to the question and can be disregarded.

3. A client who has chronic lymphocytic leukemia is starting chemotherapy treatments and asks if she needs to make any dietary changes. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?

A. "You should avoid drinking liquids an hour before the treatments."?
B. "Eating low-calorie foods helps prevent nausea."?
C. "Foods that are higher in fat are usually more appealing."?
D. "Raw fruits and vegetables will be easier for your body to digest."?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: During chemotherapy treatments for chronic lymphocytic leukemia, raw fruits and vegetables are recommended as they are easier for the body to digest. This choice provides essential nutrients and is gentle on the digestive system. Option A is incorrect because staying hydrated is crucial during chemotherapy. Option B is incorrect as low-calorie foods may not provide sufficient energy during treatment. Option C is incorrect because high-fat foods are not typically recommended due to potential digestive issues.

4. Which nutrient is most important for maintaining fluid balance in the body?

A. Protein
B. Sodium
C. Calcium
D. Vitamin C

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Sodium plays a key role in maintaining fluid balance and regulating blood pressure.

5. Which of the following has the greatest effect on an increase in body weight?

A. Carbohydrate intake
B. Protein intake
C. Fat intake
D. Total kilocalories

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Total kilocalories have the greatest effect on body weight as they represent the overall energy intake from all macronutrients combined. While the consumption of specific macronutrients like carbohydrates, proteins, and fats can affect weight management, the total calories consumed play the most significant role in determining body weight. Therefore, choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they focus on individual macronutrients rather than the overall energy balance provided by total kilocalories.