ATI RN
Proctored Nutrition ATI
1. Low levels of high-density lipoproteins (HDL) are?
- A. associated with being underweight
- B. more prevalent in males
- C. highly predictive of CHD risk
- D. not a good predictor of CHD risk
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Low levels of HDL cholesterol are a strong predictor of coronary heart disease (CHD) risk because HDL helps to remove excess cholesterol from the bloodstream. Choice A is incorrect because low HDL levels are not associated with being underweight but rather with increased CHD risk. Choice B is incorrect as low HDL levels are not more prevalent in males but can affect both genders. Choice D is incorrect as low levels of HDL are indeed a good predictor of CHD risk.
2. Which clinical manifestations should the nurse anticipate when assessing a child for hypoglycemia?
- A. Lethargy
- B. Thirst
- C. Nausea and vomiting
- D. Shaky feeling and dizziness
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: 'Shaky feeling and dizziness.' Hypoglycemia in children often presents with symptoms like shakiness, dizziness, sweating, hunger, and irritability. These symptoms occur because the brain and body are deprived of the glucose they need to function properly. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because lethargy, thirst, nausea, and vomiting are not typically primary manifestations of hypoglycemia in children.
3. A healthcare provider is preparing to administer heparin sodium to a client with deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Which of the following laboratory values should the provider monitor during therapy?
- A. INR
- B. Serum creatinine
- C. aPTT
- D. Bilirubin
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: aPTT. The healthcare provider should monitor the activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) value during heparin therapy to assess the client's coagulation status. Heparin affects the intrinsic pathway of the coagulation cascade, and monitoring aPTT helps ensure that the client is within the therapeutic range to prevent bleeding or clotting issues. INR (Choice A) is used to monitor warfarin therapy, not heparin. Serum creatinine (Choice B) is not directly related to monitoring heparin therapy. Bilirubin (Choice D) is related to liver function, not heparin therapy.
4. At an 8-month-old well-baby visit, the parent tells the nurse that her infant falls asleep at night during the last bottle feeding but wakes up when moved to the infant’s crib. What is the most appropriate response for the nurse to make?
- A. You should put your baby to sleep 1 hour earlier without the nighttime feeding but with a pacifier for soothing.
- B. You could place rice cereal in the last bottle feeding of the day to ensure a longer sleep pattern.
- C. You should have your partner give the last bottle of the day and observe whether your infant stays awake for your partner.
- D. You could increase daytime feeding intervals to every 4 hours and put your baby in the crib while the baby is still awake.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Encouraging the baby to fall asleep in the crib while still awake can help establish healthy sleep habits and reduce night waking.
5. A fourth-grade student teases and makes jokes about a cute girl in his class. This behavior should be identified by a professional as indicative of which defense mechanism?
- A. Displacement
- B. Projection
- C. Reaction formation
- D. Sublimation
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The professional should identify that the student is using reaction formation as a defense mechanism. Reaction formation involves expressing opposite thoughts or behaviors to prevent undesirable thoughts from being expressed. In this scenario, the student's teasing and joking behavior towards the girl can be seen as a way to cover up or mask his true feelings or desires towards her. Displacement involves redirecting emotions from the original source to a substitute target; Projection involves attributing one's undesirable feelings to others; Sublimation involves channeling unacceptable impulses into socially acceptable activities. Therefore, in this case, the student's behavior aligns most closely with reaction formation.