Nursing Elites

1. Low levels of high-density lipoproteins (HDL) are?

• A. associated with being underweight
• B. more prevalent in males
• C. highly predictive of CHD risk
• D. not a good predictor of CHD risk

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Low levels of HDL cholesterol are a strong predictor of coronary heart disease (CHD) risk because HDL helps to remove excess cholesterol from the bloodstream. Choice A is incorrect because low HDL levels are not associated with being underweight but rather with increased CHD risk. Choice B is incorrect as low HDL levels are not more prevalent in males but can affect both genders. Choice D is incorrect as low levels of HDL are indeed a good predictor of CHD risk.

2. The nurse is planning education about appropriate protein food choices for a client who has recently been prescribed a renal diet. Which protein food items should the nurse include in the education?

• A. Yogurt, seeds, and lentils
• B. Beef, bacon, and nuts
• C. Peanut butter, beans, and peas
• D. Poultry, eggs, and fish

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Poultry, eggs, and fish. These protein sources are high-quality proteins suitable for a renal diet as they provide essential amino acids without excessive amounts of potassium or phosphorus. Choice A, yogurt, seeds, and lentils, may be high in potassium and phosphorus, which could be restricted in a renal diet. Choice B, beef, bacon, and nuts, are also high in phosphorus and may not be ideal for a renal diet. Choice C, peanut butter, beans, and peas, are high in potassium and phosphorus, making them less suitable for a renal diet.

3. What is the first thing you should do before sharing information with a patient?

• A. Provide background knowledge
• B. Ask for permission
• C. Remove personal protective equipment (PPE)
• D. Remind the patient that you are the authority

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Before sharing information with a patient, it is essential to ask for their permission. This action respects the patient's autonomy and encourages their participation in the learning process. Asking for permission establishes a foundation of trust and partnership between the healthcare provider and the patient. Providing background knowledge (Choice A) is important, but it should come after receiving consent to share information. Removing personal protective equipment (Choice C) is not related to the communication process. Reminding the patient that you are the authority (Choice D) is inappropriate as it can undermine the patient's autonomy and hinder effective communication in a patient-centered care approach.

4. Fat-soluble vitamins are different from water-soluble vitamins because the body is able to store only small amounts of fat-soluble vitamins.

• A. Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.
• B. Both the statement and the reason are correct but are not related.
• C. The statement is correct, but the reason is not correct.
• D. The statement is not correct, but the reason is correct.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The statement is correct, but the reason is not correct. A major difference between fat-soluble and water-soluble vitamins is that the body is able to store larger amounts of fat-soluble vitamins. Vitamins A and D are stored for long periods; therefore, minor shortages might not be identified until drastic depletion has occurred. Observable signs and symptoms of a dietary deficiency are often not identified until they are in an advanced state. Water-soluble vitamins, on the other hand, are not stored in the body and are excreted in the urine if taken in excess, making it harder to reach toxic levels.

5. Which is the priority nursing diagnosis for a patient with an indwelling urinary catheter?

• A. Self-esteem disturbance
• B. Impaired urinary elimination
• C. Impaired skin integrity
• D. Risk for infection

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is 'D: Risk for infection.' An indwelling urinary catheter poses a significant risk for infection due to its invasive nature and the increased susceptibility to urinary tract infections. While 'B: Impaired urinary elimination' and 'C: Impaired skin integrity' may also be concerns for a patient with an indwelling urinary catheter, the immediate risk of infection is the priority. 'A: Self-esteem disturbance' is not typically a priority nursing diagnosis for a patient with an indwelling urinary catheter because the focus is primarily on infection prevention and management to ensure patient safety and well-being.

Similar Questions